Chapter 1: Variations In Psychological Attributes Flashcards
Define individual differences
Individual differences refers to distinctiveness and variations among people’s characteristics and behavioural patterns
What is situationism
Circumstances and situations under which a person is placed influences one’s behaviour
Which is the first step in measuring psychological attributes
Assessment
Define assessments
Assessments refers to measurement of psychological attributes of individuals and their evaluation by using multiple methods in terms of standards and comparison
What are two kinds of assessments
Formal: objective, standardised, organised
Informal: open to subjective interpretations
Psychological attributes are unidimensional and linear
True/ false
False
Psychological attributes are usually multidimensional
True/ false
True
Mention the psychological attributes
Intelligence
Aptitude
Personality
Interest
Values
Define intelligence
It is the global capacity to understand the world, think rationally, and use available resources effectively when faced with challenges
What does intelligence test help to understand
Intelligence tests help to provide a global measure of a person’s general cognitive competence and the ability to profit from schooling
What is aptitude
Underlying potential for acquiring skills
What does aptitude test help to predict
What and individual will be able to do if given proper training and environment
What is interest
Individual preference for engaging in one or more activity relative to other
What does interest assessment help with
What subjects or courses they can pursue comfortably and with pleasure
What are values
Enduring beliefs about an ideal mode of behaviour
Why is value assessment conducted
To find out dominant values of a person
What are the assessment methods
Interview
Observation
Case study
Self report
Psychological test
Define intelligence in reference to Oxford dictionary
Intelligence is the power of perceiving, learning,understanding and knowing
How did alfred binet define intelligence
Ability to judge well, reason well, understands well
How did wechsler define intelligence
Global and aggregate capacity to think rationally act purposefully and deal with environment effectively
How did gardner and sternberg think of intelligence
An intelligent person not only adapts to the environment but also actively modifies it
Who proposed the uni factor theory
Alfred binet
In 1927 who proposed the two factor theory
Charles spearman
What is the two factor theory
There is a
G factor
S factor
