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English Medical Terminology > Chapter 1: Urinary System > Flashcards

Chapter 1: Urinary System Flashcards

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1
Q

function of urinary system

A

remove waste material from the body, regulates fluid volume, and maintain electrolyte concentration in the body fluid.

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2
Q

organs of urinary system

A

the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra

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3
Q

cystitis

A

inflammation of the bladder

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4
Q

cystocele

A

protrusion of the bladder

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5
Q

Cystolith

A

stone in the bladder

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6
Q

glomerulonephritis

A

inflammation of the glomeruli of the kidney

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7
Q

hydronephrosis

A

abnormal condition of water in the kidneys

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8
Q

nephritis

A

inflammation of the kidneys

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9
Q

nephroblastoma

A

kidney tumor containing developing cell( malignant tumor) also called Wilms tumor.

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10
Q

nephrohypertrophy

A

excessive development( increase in size) of the kidneys

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11
Q

nephrolithiasis

A

condition of stones in the kidneys

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12
Q

nephroma

A

tumor of the kidney

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13
Q

nephromegaly

A

enlargement of the kidneys

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14
Q

nephroptosis

A

drooping kidney

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15
Q

pyelitis

A

inflammation of the renal pelvis

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16
Q

pyelonephritis

A

inflammation of the renal pelvis and the kidneys

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17
Q

uremia

A

condition of urine in the blood( toxic condition resulting from retention of products of the kidney in the blood)

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18
Q

ureteritis

A

inflammation of the ureter

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19
Q

ureterocele

A

protrusion of the ureter

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20
Q

ureterolithiasis

A

condition of stone in a ureter

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21
Q

ureterostenosis

A

narrowing of the ureter

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22
Q

urethrocystitis

A

inflammation of the urethra and the bladder

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23
Q

epispadias

A

congenital defect in which the urinary meatus is located on the upper surface of the penis

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24
Q

hypospadias

A

congenital defect in which the urinary meatus is located on the underside of the penis a similar defect can occur in the female.

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25
Q

polycystic kidney disease

A

condition in which the kidney contains many cysts and is enlarged.

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26
Q

renal calculi

A

stone in the kidney

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27
Q

renal hypertension

A

elevated blood pressure resulting from kidney disease

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28
Q

sepsis

A

a condition in which pathogenic microorganisms, usually bacteria, enter the bloodstream, causing a systemic inflammatory response to the infection(also called septicemia).

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29
Q

urinary retention

A

abnormal accumulation of urine in the bladder because of an inability to urinate.

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30
Q

urinary suppression

A

sudden stoppage of urine formation

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31
Q

urinary tract infection(UTI)

A

infection of one or more organs of the urinary tract.

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32
Q

cystectomy

A

excision of the bladder

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33
Q

cystolithotomy

A

incision of the bladder to remove stone

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34
Q

cystorrhaphy

A

suturing the bladder

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35
Q

cystostomy/vesicotomy

A

creating an artificial opening into the bladder.

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36
Q

lithotripsy

A

surgical crushing of the a stone

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37
Q

meatotomy

A

incision of the meatus

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38
Q

nephrectomy

A

excision of the kidney

39
Q

nephrolysis

A

separating kidney from other body structure.

40
Q

nephropexy

A

surgical fixation of the kidney

41
Q

nephropyelolithotomy

A

incision through the kidney to the renal pelvis to remove stone

42
Q

pyeloplasty

A

surgical repair of the renal pelvis

43
Q

ureterectomy

A

excision of a ureter

44
Q

ureterostomy

A

creation of an artificial opening into the ureter

45
Q

urethroplasty

A

surgical repair of the urethra

46
Q

vesicourethral suspension

A

suspension pertaining to the bladder and urethra

47
Q

extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy(ESWL)

A

a noninvasive treatment for removal of kidney or ureteral stones.

48
Q

fulguration

A

destruction of living tissue with an electric spark( a method commonly used to remove bladder growth)

49
Q

renal transplant

A

surgical implantation of a donor kidney to replace a nonfunctioning kidney

50
Q

cystogram

A

x-ray image of the bladder

51
Q

cystography

A

x-ray imaging of the bladder

51
Q

nehprogram

A

x-ray image of kidney

52
Q

intravenous urogram (IVU)

A

X-ray image of the urinary tract( with contrast medium injected intravenously) also called intravenous pyelogram

53
Q

nephrosonography

A

process of recording the kidney using sound ( ultrasound test)

54
Q

nephrography

A

x-ray imaging of kidney

55
Q

nephrotomogram

A

(sectional) x-ray image of the kidney

56
Q

renogram

A

(graphic) record of the kidney( produced by radiopharmaceutical, or radioactive material, into the blood)( a nuclear medicine test)

57
Q

retrograde urogram

A

x-ray image of the urinary tract( retrograde mean to move in a direction opposite from normal) with contrast medium instilled through urethral catheters by a cystoscope.

58
Q

voiding cystourethrography

A

x-ray imaging of the bladder and urethra. radiopaque dye is instilled in the bladder. X-ray images are taken of the bladder and during urination of the dye.

59
Q

cystoscope

A

instrument used for visual examination the bladder

60
Q

cystoscopy

A

visual examination of the bladder

61
Q

meatoscope

A

instrument used for visual examination of the meatus

62
Q

meatoscopy

A

visual examination of the meatus

63
Q

nephroscopy

A

visual examination of the kidney

64
Q

urethroscope

A

instrument used for visual examination of the urethra

65
Q

urinometer

A

instrument used to measure urine

66
Q

albuminuria

A

albumin in the urine( albumin is the important protein in the blood, but when it is found in urine, it indicates a kidney problem)

67
Q

anuria

A

absence of urine( failure of kidney to produce urine)

68
Q

azotemia

A

excessive urea and nitrogenous substance in the blood.

69
Q

diuresis

A

condition of urine passing through( increased excretion of urine)

70
Q

dysuria

A

difficult or painful urination

71
Q

glycosuria

A

sugar(glucose) in the urine

72
Q

hematuria

A

blood in the urine

73
Q

meatal

A

pertaining to the meatus

74
Q

nephrologist

A

a physician who studies and treats disease of the kidney.

75
Q

nephrology

A

study of the kidney

76
Q

nocturia

A

night urination

77
Q

oliguria

A

scanty or few urine

78
Q

polyuria

A

much or excessive urine

79
Q

pyuria

A

pus in the urine

80
Q

catheter

A

flexible, tubelike device, such as a urinary catheter, for withdrawing or instilling fluid.

81
Q

distended

A

stretched out( a bladder is distended when filled with urine)

82
Q

diuretic

A

agent that increase the formation and excretion of urine

83
Q

enuresis

A

involuntary urination(bed-wetting)

84
Q

hemodialysis(HD)

A

Procedure for removing impurities from the blood because of an inability of the kidneys to do so.

85
Q

incontinence

A

inability to control bladder or bowel

86
Q

micturate

A

to urinate or void

87
Q

peritoneal dialysis

A

procedure for removing toxic waste when the kidney is unable to do so, the peritoneal cavity is used as the receptacle for the fluid used in the dialysis

88
Q

stricture

A

abnormal narrowing, such as a urethral stricture.

89
Q

urinal

A

receptacle for urine

90
Q

urinary catheterization

A

passage of a catheter into the urinary bladder to withdraw urine.

91
Q

urodynamics

A

pertaining to the force and flow of urine within the urinary tract.

92
Q

void

A

to empty or evacuate waste material, especially urine.

93
Q

specific gravity( SG)

A

a test performed on a urine specimen to measure the concentrating or diluting ability of the kidneys.

English Medical Terminology (3 decks)

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