Chapter 1 - unit 2

Question 1

Define ‘Cell’.

Answer 1

Basic structural and functional unit of living organisms

Question 2

What is a Eukaryote?

Answer 2

Organism with complex cells containing a nucleus

Question 3

What is a Prokaryote?

Answer 3

Single-celled organism without a nucleus

Question 4

What is an organelle?

Answer 4

Specialized structure within a cell

Question 5

List one of the 3 domains of life.

Answer 5

Domain Bacteria, Domain Eukarya, Domain Archaea

Examples include Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya.

Question 6

What is the most inclusive level of classification?

Answer 6

Domain

Question 7

What is the most exclusive level of classification?

Answer 7

Species

Question 8

Which two levels are used to designate the scientific name for an organism?

Answer 8

Genus and Species

Question 9

Give an example of a binomial scientific name.

Answer 9

Homo sapiens

Question 10

What does phylogeny mean in the context of classification?

Answer 10

The evolutionary history and relationships among organisms

Question 11

What are the major characteristics that differentiate between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Answer 11

Prokaryotic: No nucleus, simpler structure
Eukaryotic: Nucleus present, complex structure

Question 12

List the 4 kingdoms contained in the domain Eukarya.

Answer 12

1. Protista
2. Fungi
3. Plantae
4. Animalia

Question 13

What are the major differences between the kingdoms in Eukarya?

Answer 13

Protista: Mostly unicellular, diverse
Fungi: Absorptive heterotrophs, cell walls of chitin
Plantae: Autotrophs, cell walls of cellulose
Animalia: Multicellular, no cell walls