Chapter 1: TOF

Question 1

why does mg have higher 1st ionisation energy than na

Answer 1

more nucleur charge

same shielding and smaller atomic radius

Question 2

How are ions detected and how is their abundance measured?

Answer 2

they are positively charged.
attracted towards a negative plate where they cause current to flow
abundance is measured by amount of current created

Question 3

Electrospray ionisation

Answer 3

Sample vapourised in voaltile solvent

passed through a fine needle connected to a positve terminal so loses electron

Question 4

electron impact ionisation

Answer 4

sample is vapourised
high energy electrons are fired at it from a hot wire filament
this causes repulsion and knocks of an electron

Question 5

Why is it important for the flight tube to be in a vaccum

Answer 5

So no molecules of air can obstruct the path of the ions

Question 6

How are the ions accelerated?

Answer 6

They are attracted towards the negatively
charged plate and pass through the hole.

The smaller ions attain a greater velocity and arrive
at the detector first.

Question 7

What is RAM

Answer 7

the weighted average of all naturally occuring isotopes in comparison with 1/12 of carbon 12

Question 8

what is avagadros constant

Answer 8

6.022*10^23

Question 9

What is the 1st ionisation energy

Answer 9

Its the amount of energy required to remove the 1st electron from the most outer shell in mole of atoms in a gaseous state in standard conditions