Chapter 1 Thomas Goodroe

Question 1

11. Biopsychosocial approach

Answer 1

This integrated viewpoint incorporates various levels of analysis and offers a more complete picture of any given behavior or mental

Question 2

12. Levels of Analysis

Answer 2

The differing complementary views, from biological to psychological to social–cultural, for analyzing any given phenomenon

Question 3

13. Biological psychology

Answer 3

A branch of psychology that studies the links between biological (including neuroscience and behavior genetics) and psychological processes

Question 4

14. Evolutionary psychology

Answer 4

The study of the roots of behavior and mental processes using the principles of natural selection

Question 5

15. Psychodynamic Psychology

Answer 5

A branch of psychology that studies how unconscious drives and conflicts influence behavior, and uses that information to treat people with psychological disorders

Question 6

16. Behavioral psychology

Answer 6

The scientific study of observable behavior, and it’s explanation by principles of learning

Question 7

17. Cognitive psychology

Answer 7

The scientific study of all the mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating

Question 8

18. Social – cultural psychology

Answer 8

The study of how situations and cultures affect our behavior and thinking

Question 9

24. Social psychology

Answer 9

The scientific study of how we think about, influence, and relate to one another

Question 10

10. Natural selection

Answer 10

The principle that among the range of inherited trait variations, does contributing to reproduction and survival will most likely be passed on to succeeding generations

Question 11

21. Developmental psychology

Answer 11

The scientific study of physical, cognitive, and social change throughout the lifespan

Question 12

22. Educational psychology

Answer 12

The study of how psychological processes affect and can enhance teaching and learning

Question 14

25. Applied research

Answer 14

Scientific study that aims to solve practical problems

Question 15

23. Personality psychology

Answer 15

The study an individual’s characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling, and acting

Question 16

26. I/O industrial-organizational psychology

Answer 16

The application of psychological concepts and methods to optimizing human behavior in workplaces

Question 17

27. Human factors psychology

Answer 17

The study of how people and machines interact in the design of safe and easily used machines and environment

Question 18

28. Counseling psychology

Answer 18

A branch of psychology that assist people with problems in living (often related to school, work, or marraige) and in achieving greater well-being

Question 19

29. Clinical psychology

Answer 19

A branch of psychology that studies, processes, and treats people with psychological disorders

Question 20

30. Psychiatry

Answer 20

A branch of medicine dealing with psychological disorders; practiced by physicians who often provide medical (for example, drug) treatments as well as psychological therapy

Question 21

31. SQ3R

Answer 21

A study of method incorporating five steps: Survey, Question, Read, Rehearse, Review

Question 22

1. Empiricism

Answer 22

The view that knowledge originates in experience and that science should, therefore, rely on observation and experimentation

Question 23

2. Structuralism

Answer 23

An early school of psychology that used introspection to explore the structural elements of the human mind

Question 24

3. Functionalism

Answer 24

A school psychology that focused on how our mental and behavioral processes function-how they enable us to adapt, survive, and flourish

Question 25

4. Experimental psychology

Answer 25

The study of behavior and thinking using the experimental method

Question 26

5. Behaviorism

Answer 26

The view that psychology (1) should be an objective science that (2) studies behavior without reference to mental processes. Most research psychologist today agree with (1) but not with (2)

Question 27

7. Cognitive neuroscience science

Answer 27

The interdisciplinary study of the brian activity linked with cognition (including perception, thinking, memory, and language)

Question 29

8. Psychology

Answer 29

The science of behavior and mental processes

Question 30

9. Nature-nurture issue

Answer 30

The longstanding controversy over the relative contributions that genes and experience make to the development of psychological traits and behaviors arising from the interaction of nature and nurture

Question 31

10. Natural selection

Answer 31

The principle that, among the range of inherited trait variations, those contributing to reproduction and survival will most likely be passed on to succeeding generations

Question 32

6. Humanistic psychology

Answer 32

Historically significant perspective that emphasized the growth potential of healthy people in the individuals potential for personal growth

Question 33

19. Psychometrics

Answer 33

The scientific study of the measurement of human abilities, attitudes, and traits

Question 36

20. Basic research

Answer 36

Pure science that aims to increase the scientific knowledge base