Chapter 1: The Earth

Question 0

Mantle

Answer 0

The layer between the crust and the core made of molten rock.

Question 1

Crust

Answer 1

The outer layer of the earth made of solid rock

Question 2

Core

Answer 2

The core has two layers; the inner and the outer core

They are made of molten iron and nickel

Question 3

Magma

Answer 3

Is what the mantle is made of

Question 4

Plate tectonics

Answer 4

The theory that the earths crust is split into a number of plates

Question 5

Plate boundaries

Answer 5

The outline of the plates which is where they pull apart/crash together

Question 6

Destructive boundary

Answer 6

Where two plates collide and the heavier one sinks to be destroyed by the magma in the mantle

Question 7

Convection currents

Answer 7

The currents in the magma that move the plates

Question 8

Pangea

Answer 8

The mega continent that was split up millions of years ago to create the continents we have today

Question 9

Continental drift

Answer 9

This is where the plates constantly move on the magma, bringing the continents with them

Question 10

Mid ocean ridge

Answer 10

An underwater mountain range

Question 11

Crater

Answer 11

The mouth of the volcano where the magma shoots out

Question 12

Vent

Answer 12

The gap at the bottom of the volcano where the magma rises through

Question 13

Magma reservoir

Answer 13

Where the magma is stored before travelling up the volcano

Question 14

Active Volcano

Answer 14

A volcano that has erupted in the past 100 years

Question 15

Dormant volcano

Answer 15

A volcano that hasn’t erupted in 1000s of years but could still erupt

Question 16

Extinct volcano

Answer 16

A volcano that hasn’t erupted in 1000s of years and won’t erupt again

Question 17

Constructive boundary

Answer 17

Where two plates pull apart letting the magma rise, cool and harden to create new crust

Question 18

Earthquake

Answer 18

A sudden trembling or movement of the earth’s crust

Question 19

Fault line

Answer 19

Where the plates move

Question 20

Tremor

Answer 20

The sudden shocks from the focus

Question 21

Focus

Answer 21

Where the earthquakes begin deep in the earth

Question 22

Epicentre

Answer 22

The point directly above the focus on the surface where the most damaged is done

Question 23

Aftershock

Answer 23

Smaller earthquakes that occur after a larger earthquake.

Question 24

Richter scale

Answer 24

Uses seismometers to measure the intensity of an earthquake on a scale from 1-10

Question 25

Mercalli scale

Answer 25

Not a scientific scale. Measures the intensity of an earthquake based on human observations