Chapter 1 The Boat & 2 Basic Sailing Theory Flashcards
What is a Pushpit?
(Stern Pulpit)- Metal railing enclosing the stern
What is a Stern?
Aft (back) part of the boat
What is a Beam?
The widest part of the hull
What are Stanchions?
Upright supports for the lifelines
What is a Pulpit?
(Bow pulpit) metal railing
What is the Bow?
Forward part on the boat
What is a Companionway?
Stairs or ladder aboard a vessel
What are Halyards?
Lines for raising and lowering the sails
What is the Forestay?
Wire running from the top of the mast or near top of the mast to the bow
What are Spreaders?
Horizontal struts which hold out the shrouds from the mast
What are Shrouds?
Wires running from the mast to the deck to give lateral support to the mast.
What is the Boom Vang?
Block and tackle leading diagonally from the boom to the bottom of the mast.
What does the Boom Vang do?
It tensions the after edge of the sail and prevents the boom from lifting.
What is the Backstay?
Wires running from the top of the mast to the stern.
What is the Topping Lift?
Line leading from the top of the mast to the after end of the boom to support the weight of the boom when the sail is lowered.
What is the Cunningham?
line adjusting the tension of the forward edge of the mainsail.
What is the Outhaul?
Line adjusting the tension of the bottom of the mainsail along the boom.
What are the sheets?
Lines that control the sail trim (set)
What is the head?
Top corner of a sail.
What are the battens?
Wooden or plastic slats set in the batten pockets that help maintain the shape of the sail.
What is the Leech?
After edge of the sail.
What are reef points?
Small lines set into reinforced patches to accommodate reef ties.
What are Telltales (ticklers)?
Short lengths of wool that indicate airflow over the surface of the sails.
What is a clew?
Lower aft corner of a sail
What is the foot of a sail?
Lower edge of the sail.
What is the Spinnacker?
Large balloon-like sail often brightly covered that flies ahead of the forestay.
What is the Storm Jib?
Foresail used in very strong winds (it’s smoll)
What is a jib?
A foresail the size of the foretriangle or less.
What is the genoa?
Type of salami.
The largest foresail, overlapping the foretriangle formed by the mast, deck, and forestay
What is the Luff?
Forward edge of a sail.
What is the Tack?
Lower forward corner of the sail.
What does it mean when a sail is “reefed” and what are the two ways of doing it?
Page 10 - Reduced in size so that it can be adapted to an increase in wind strength - there are two types of reefing:
Jiffy (or slab)
Roller
What is a gooseneck?
a hinged fitting attaching the boom to the mast.
What are fairleads?
Fittings through which lines are led to guide them or to change their directions so that they will not interfere with other lines of the boat. (Little wheely things)
What are cleats?
Fittings for gripping and securing lines?
What are hanks?
Clips on the luff of a foresail by which the foresail is attached to the forestay.
What are slugs (slides)
Fittings attached to a sail by which the sail is attached to the mast or boom.
Where is port side?
When you face forward, the left hand side of the boat.
Where is starboard side?
When you face forward, the right side of the boat.
What is windward?
Towards the direction from which the wind is blowing (also known as upwind or “to weather”)
What is leeward?
Away from the direction from which the wind is blowing (also known as downwind or lee)
What is Leeway?
The leeward motion of a boat, a side-slipping through the water caused by the wind against hull and rigging.
Is the keel able to prevent leeway?
No, not entirely.
What are the points of sail from Winward to Leeward? (reference found on page 20)
- Close Hauled
- Close Reach
- Beam Reach
- Broad Reach
- Run
What’s the difference between heading up and bearing away?
Heading up is altering course TOWARDS the wind. Bearing away is altering course AWAY from the wind.
Where is the mainsail carried on a starboard tack?
Port Side
Where is the mainsail carried on a port tack?
Starboard side
What does the position of the main sail determine?
The Tack
What is tacking?
Turning the boat so her bow passes through head to wind - by heading up then bearing away.
What’s gybing?
Changing tack where the stern of the boat passes through the wind. The boat bears away to a run and the sails are changed from one side of the boat to the other.
You gybe ass turkey
What two ways can you change tack?
Gybing or Tacking
