Chapter 1 Test Review

Question 1

Became the basis of many modern languages

Answer 1

Latin

Question 2

Included Greeks, Egyptians, Syrians, Arabs, Jews, and Slavs

Answer 2

Byzantine Empire

Question 3

Arena that could hold 60,000 people

Answer 3

Colosseum

Question 4

Pictures made from small pieces of glass or stone

Answer 4

Mosaic

Question 5

A strong Emperor of the Byzantine Empire

Answer 5

Justinian

Question 6

A “good Emperor”

Answer 6

Hadrian

Question 7

Moved the capital from Rome to Constantinople

Answer 7

Constantine

Question 8

200 years of peace that began with the rule of Augustus

Answer 8

Pax Romana

Question 9

A person who stands in for a young, or sick ruler

Answer 9

Regent

Question 10

Became the official religion of Rome

Answer 10

Christianity

Question 11

What are three factors that contributed to the result of the Pax Romana?

Answer 11

1. Augustus built a permanent professional army
2. Augustus improved Rome’s government
3. Augustus reformed the Roman Tax system to make it fair

Question 12

How did Roman statues differ from Greek statues?

Answer 12

Roman statues were more realistic and included wrinkles, warts, and other less attractive features.

Question 13

Virgil was a poet who wrote epic poems, which describes the adventures of a hero who overcomes evil. What characteristic would you say that Virgil thought every man should possess?

Answer 13

Brave, self-controlled, and loyal to the gods

Question 14

Galen was a great doctor who emphasized the importance of anatomy. What is anatomy?

Answer 14

The study of body structure

Question 15

How did the Greeks influence Roman religion?

Answer 15

Greek gods and goddesses were popular in Rome and given Roman names.

Question 16

How did Roman religion strengthened support for the government?

Answer 16

Roman emperors were worshiped as gods. This practice strengthened support for the government.

Question 17

What happened when the Roman government put less gold in its coins in the A.D. 200s?

Answer 17

The coins lost value. Prices went up and people began to barter or exchange goods without using money.

Question 18

What did Diocletian and Constantine’s political reforms have in common?

Answer 18

They tried to keep things the same, by making people work the same job their whole life, or by forcing children to have the same job as their parents.

Question 19

What event do historians use to mark the end of the Roman empire?

Answer 19

In A.D. 476 a Germanic general named Odoacer took control, overthrowing the western emperor, a 14-year-old boy named Romulus Augustulus.

Question 20

How did the location of Constantinople help it grow wealthy and prosperous?

Answer 20

1. Its harbors offered a safe shelter for fishing boats, trading ships, and warships.
2. It sat at the crossroads of trade routes between Europe and Asia.
3. Constantinople was easily defended. Seas protected it on three sides.
4. And on a fourth side, a huge wall guarded the city.

Question 21

What happened because of Empress Theodora, wife of Justinian?

Answer 21

Theodora convinced Justinian to give women more rights. For the first time a byzantine wife could own land.

Question 22

In the Eastern Orthodox Church, icons were once forbidden. What were the names of the officials who made sure to remove all icons from every church?

Answer 22

Iconoclasts, or image breakers

Question 23

What was the Byzantine Empire’s most important industry?

Answer 23

Trade.

Question 24

What was the role of a Byzantine woman?

Answer 24

Women were expected to stay home and take care of their families.

Question 25

In the byzantine civilization, mainly boys were allowed to receive an education. What were the subjects they would study?

Answer 25

Boys studied religion, medicine, law, arithmetic, grammar, and other subjects.