Chapter 1 Test Review Flashcards
Became the basis of many modern languages
Latin
Included Greeks, Egyptians, Syrians, Arabs, Jews, and Slavs
Byzantine Empire
Arena that could hold 60,000 people
Colosseum
Pictures made from small pieces of glass or stone
Mosaic
A strong Emperor of the Byzantine Empire
Justinian
A “good Emperor”
Hadrian
Moved the capital from Rome to Constantinople
Constantine
200 years of peace that began with the rule of Augustus
Pax Romana
A person who stands in for a young, or sick ruler
Regent
Became the official religion of Rome
Christianity
What are three factors that contributed to the result of the Pax Romana?
- Augustus built a permanent professional army
- Augustus improved Rome’s government
- Augustus reformed the Roman Tax system to make it fair
How did Roman statues differ from Greek statues?
Roman statues were more realistic and included wrinkles, warts, and other less attractive features.
Virgil was a poet who wrote epic poems, which describes the adventures of a hero who overcomes evil. What characteristic would you say that Virgil thought every man should possess?
Brave, self-controlled, and loyal to the gods
Galen was a great doctor who emphasized the importance of anatomy. What is anatomy?
The study of body structure
How did the Greeks influence Roman religion?
Greek gods and goddesses were popular in Rome and given Roman names.
How did Roman religion strengthened support for the government?
Roman emperors were worshiped as gods. This practice strengthened support for the government.
What happened when the Roman government put less gold in its coins in the A.D. 200s?
The coins lost value. Prices went up and people began to barter or exchange goods without using money.
What did Diocletian and Constantine’s political reforms have in common?
They tried to keep things the same, by making people work the same job their whole life, or by forcing children to have the same job as their parents.
What event do historians use to mark the end of the Roman empire?
In A.D. 476 a Germanic general named Odoacer took control, overthrowing the western emperor, a 14-year-old boy named Romulus Augustulus.
How did the location of Constantinople help it grow wealthy and prosperous?
- Its harbors offered a safe shelter for fishing boats, trading ships, and warships.
- It sat at the crossroads of trade routes between Europe and Asia.
- Constantinople was easily defended. Seas protected it on three sides.
- And on a fourth side, a huge wall guarded the city.
What happened because of Empress Theodora, wife of Justinian?
Theodora convinced Justinian to give women more rights. For the first time a byzantine wife could own land.
In the Eastern Orthodox Church, icons were once forbidden. What were the names of the officials who made sure to remove all icons from every church?
Iconoclasts, or image breakers
What was the Byzantine Empire’s most important industry?
Trade.
What was the role of a Byzantine woman?
Women were expected to stay home and take care of their families.