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Anatomy exam 1 > Chapter 1 Test > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Test Flashcards

1
Q

What technique creates a three-dimensional dynamic image of blood vessels?

A

digital subtraction angiography

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2
Q

A CT scan allows for a three-dimensional image to be generated.

A

True

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3
Q

Magnetic resonance imaging is based on the movement of

A

protons in a magnetic field.

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4
Q

The delivery of a radioactive compound to the body to study the metabolism of tissues is called

A

PET

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5
Q

An anatomic image created from sound waves is a

A

Sonogram

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6
Q

A major limitation of radiographs is that they

A

give only a flat, two-dimensional image of the body.

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7
Q

The study of the body’s organization by areas is

A

regional anatomy

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8
Q

The study of the external form of the body and its relationship to deeper structures is

A

surface anatomy

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9
Q

The study of tissues is

A

histology

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10
Q

Anatomy is

A

the study of structure

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11
Q

The study of the structural features and functions of the cell is

A

cytology

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12
Q

Which subdivision of anatomy involves the study of organs that function together?

A

systemic

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13
Q

Visual inspection of the appearance of the liver and gallbladder during surgery is
associated with which of the following?

A

gross anatomy

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14
Q

Microscopic examination of a frozen tissue specimen is an application of which of the
following disciplines?

A

histology

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15
Q 
An investigator who conducts an experiment to determine how changes in pH affect the
function of enzymes on digestion is most likely to be a(n)
A

physiologist.

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16
Q

An organelle is

A

a small structure within a cell.

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17
Q

An organ is

A

a structure composed of several tissue types.

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18
Q

A cell is

A

the basic structural unit of living organisms.

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19
Q

A tissue is

A

group of cells with similar structure and function.

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20
Q

An organ system is

A

a group of organs with a common set of functions.

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21
Q

Which of the following systems carries necessary compounds like oxygen and nutrients
throughout the body?

A

cardiovascular

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22
Q

Which organ system is the location of blood cell production?

A

skeletal

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23
Q

Which body system would be affected by degeneration of cartilage in joints?

A

skeletal

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24
Q

The gallbladder, liver, and stomach are all part of the

A

digestive system

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25
Q

The integumentary system

A

regulates body temperature

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26
Q

What system removes nitrogenous waste products from the blood and regulates blood pH,
ion balance, and water balance?

A

urinary

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27
Q

An organism’s ability to use energy in order to swim is an example of

A

metabolism

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28
Q

The changes an organism undergoes through time is called

A

development

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29
Q

Nerve cells generate electrical signals in response to changes in the environment. This is
an example of

A

responsiveness

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30
Q

An increase in the number of cells is

A

growth

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31
Q

Which of the following is most consistent with homeostasis?

A

Elevated blood glucose levels cause insulin secretion (insulin causes cells to take up
glucose) to increase.

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32
Q

Which of the following is consistent with homeostasis?

A

As body temperature rises, sweating occurs to cool the body.

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33
Q

In a negative feedback mechanism, the response of the effector

A

reverses the original stimulus.

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34
Q

A researcher discovered a sensory receptor that detects decreasing oxygen concentrations
in the blood. According to the principles of negative feedback, it is likely that stimulation of
this sensory receptor will produce which of the following types of responses?

A

an increase in the respiratory rate

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35
Q

Which of the following is NOT a component of a negative feedback mechanism?

A

stabilizer

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36
Q

Positive-feedback mechanisms are always damaging to the body.

A

False

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37
Q

The anatomical term that means “away from the midline of the body” is

A

lateral

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38
Q

The thumb is ___ to the fifth digit (little finger).

A

lateral

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39
Q

The shoulder is _____ to the elbow.

A

proximal

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40
Q

Which of the following describes the position of the nose?

A

superior to the mouth

41
Q

A term that means “toward the attached end of a limb” is

A

proximal

42
Q

Which of the following is most inferior in location?

A

pelvic cavity

43
Q

While Stacy is in the process of passing over the bar during a pole vault, her hips are
considered to be

A

inferior to her shoulders

44
Q

Cephalic means

A

closer to the head

45
Q

Posterior means

A

toward the back of the body

46
Q

Medial means

A

toward the middle or midline of the body

47
Q

proximal means

A

closer than another structure to the point of attachment to the trunk.

48
Q

deep means

A

away from the surface

49
Q

In the expression “Let your fingers do the walking,” which of the following anatomical
terms could be substituted for “fingers?”

A

digits

50
Q

The anatomical arm refers to the part of the upper limb from the

A

from the shoulder to the elbow

51
Q

the lumbar region is the

A

lower back

52
Q

The antebrachial region is the

A

forearm

53
Q

The antecubital region is the

A

area infront of the elbow

54
Q

The pectoral region is the

A

chest area

55
Q

The plantar surface is the

A

bottom of the foot

56
Q

The brachial region is commonly known as the

A

upper arm

57
Q

The inguinal region is commonly known as the

A

groin

58
Q

The gluteal region is commonly known as the

A

buttock

59
Q

The sternal region is commonly known as the

A

breastbone

60
Q

The umbilical region is commonly known as the

A

naval

61
Q

The cervical region is the

A

neck

62
Q

The popliteal region is the

A

hollow behind the knee

63
Q

The sural region is the

A

calf

64
Q

The femoral region is the

A

thigh

65
Q

The axillary region is the

A

armpit

66
Q

A vertical plane that separates the body into right and left portions is called a _____
plane.

A

sagittal

67
Q

“Cutting off your nose” would be a section in the _____ plane.

A

coronal

68
Q

The cavity of the body immediately inferior to the diaphragm is the _____ cavity.

A

abdominal

69
Q

The suffix “-itis” means inflammation. Which of the following terms means inflammation
of the membrane lining the body cavity that contains the liver?

A

peritonitis

70
Q

The wall of the abdominopelvic cavity is lined by a serous membrane called the

A

parietal peritoneum.

71
Q

The visceral pleura is

A

the serous membrane that covers the lungs.

72
Q

The parietal peritoneum is

A

the serous membrane that lines the abdominal and pelvic cavities.

73
Q

The mesentery is

A

a double-layered serous membrane that anchors some of the abdominal organs to the body
wall.

74
Q

The pleural cavity is the

A

space located between the visceral and parietal pleura.

75
Q

The parietal pericardium is

A

the membrane that lines the pericardial sac.

76
Q

Here is a figure showing major trunk cavities and other structures. What does “A”
represent?

A

mediastinum

77
Q

Here is a figure showing major trunk cavities and other structures. What does “B”
represent?

A

diaphragm

78
Q

Here is a figure showing major trunk cavities and other structures. What does “C”
represent?

A

thoracic cavity

79
Q

Here is a figure showing major trunk cavities and other structures. What does “D”
represent?

A

abdominal cavity

80
Q

Here is a figure showing major trunk cavities and other structures. What does “E”
represent?

A

pelvic cavity

81
Q

What branch of physiology would study the effects of sunbathing on the skin?

A

organ physiology

82
Q

The part of the feedback mechanism that processes information, relates it to other
information, and makes a decision of action is the receptor.

A

false

83
Q

Which of the following is not a function of the control center within a feedback mechanism?

A

detects a change in the value of a variable

84
Q

In reference to the body tempaerature in living organisms, the set point can be defined as the

A

ideal normal value

85
Q

Which of the following is not a characteristic of homeostatic variables?

A

the always remain at a fixed variable

86
Q

The control center compares input from a receptor with the ideal normal value for a condition called a set point.

A

true

87
Q

Blood pressure decreases below normal levels. Blood flow to the heart decreases Heart is unable to pump as much
blood. Blood pressure decreases even more.
This is an example of _____ feedback.

A

positive feedback

88
Q

This figure illustrates changes in blood pressure when _____ feedback mechanisms are in control.

A

positive

89
Q

Platelets adhere to a damaged blood vessel Platelets secrete various substances Platelets adhere to a damaged blood
vessel
This is an example of _____ feedback.

A

positive

90
Q

Positive feedback mechanisms are more commonly seen in ______ individuals.

A

unhealthy

91
Q

True or false: Positive feedback mechanisms are less common in healthy individuals than negative feedback mechanisms.

A

true

92
Q

A person lying with his/her face down is said to be in what position?

A

prone

93
Q

Which of the following is not a term that describes a cut that separates the body into left and right portions?

A

coronal

94
Q

The plane that cuts the body lengthwise and separates the body into anterior and posterior portions is called

A

frontal

95
Q

Whereas a ‘plane’ describes an imaginary flat surface, a ‘section’ describes a way to cut an organ.

A

true

96
Q

A cut through the long axis of an organ is a(n)

A

longitudinal section

97
Q

The thoracic cavity is divided into right and left parts by a median partition called the sternum.

A

false

98
Q

True or False? Both the spleen and the urinary bladder are contained within the pelvic cavity subdivision of the
abdominopelvic cavity.

A

false

99
Q

True or False? The kidneys are contained within the pelvic cavity subdivision of the abdominopelvic cavity.

A

false

Anatomy exam 1 (2 decks)

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