Chapter 1 Test Flashcards
pp
Very soft
p
Soft
mp
Moderately soft
mf
Moderately loud
f
Loud
ff
Very loud
Crescendo
Get louder
De crescendo
Get softer
Women voices highest-lowest
Soprano (high)
Mezzo-soprano (middle)
Alto (contralto) (low)
Men voices highest-lowest
Tenor (high)
Baritone (middle)
Bass (low)
Instruments of the Orchestra
Strings
Woodwind
Brass
Percussion
String instruments:
Violin
Viola
Violoncello
Bass
Woodwind instruments:
Flute
Oboe
Clarinet
Bassoon
Brass instruments:
Trumpet
French horn
Trombone
Tuba
Percussion instruments
*timpani
*xylophone
*chimes
^snare drum
^bass drum
*=pitched/^=unpitched
Beat
Regular pulsation that divides music into units of time
Meter
Organization of beats into regular groups
Accent/syncopation
Emphasis on a note/emphasis on a note that is on an unexpected beat
Tempo
The speed of the beat
Largo
Very slow
Adagio
Slow
Andante
Moderately slow
Moderato
Moderate
Allegro
Fast
Presto
Very fast
Accelerando
Get faster
Ritardando
Get slower
Melody
A series of single notes that add up to a recognizable whole
Conosance
Stable & restful
Dissonance
Unstable & tense
Musical texture
The number of different layers of sound heard at once
Musical texture:
Monophonic
Single, unaccompanied melodic line
Musical texture:
Polyphonic
Simultaneous performance of two or more melodic lines
Musical texture:
Homophonic
One main melody accompanied by chords
