Chapter 1 Test Flashcards
The study of the structure of body parts
Anatomy
The study of the function of the body parts
Physiology
The basic unit of all living things
Cells
Groups of similar cells that have common functions
Tissues
At least two tissue types that perform a specific function
Organs
At least two organs that work together to accomplish a common purpose
Organ System
Located towards midline
Medial
Located away from midline; to left or right
Lateral
Towards the head; above another body part
Superior
Towards the feet; below another body part
Inferior
Towards front of body; in front of
Anterior/Ventral
Towards back of body; behind
Posterior/Dorsal
Closest to point of attachment
Proximal
Away from point of attachment
Distal
Towards the surface
Superficial
Away from the surface
Deep
Divides body into anterior and posterior halves
Frontal/Coronal
Divides body into UNEQUAL left and right sections
Sagittal
Divides body into EQUAL left and right sections
Midsagittal
Divides body into superior and inferior sections
Transverse
Region of the abdomen below costal cartilage
Hypochondriac
Region of the abdomen above the stomach
Epigastric
Region of the abdomen that contains the naval
Umbilical
Region of the abdomen that is at lower back level
Lumbar
Region of the abdomen that is at hip level
Iliac
Region of the abdomen below the stomach
Hypogastric
Cavity containing the brain
Cranial Cavity
Cavity containing the spinal cord
Spinal/Vertebral Cavity
Cavity containing brain and spinal cord
Dorsal Cavity
Cavity containing the heart
Pericardial Cavity
Cavity containing the lungs
Pleural Cavity
Cavity containing the heart and lungs
Thoracic Cavity
Muscular division between Thoracic and Abdominopelvic cavities
Diaphragm
Cavity containing the stomach + other digestive organs
Abdominal Cavity
Cavity containing the bladder + reproductive organs
Pelvic Cavity
Cavity containing Abdominal and Pelvic cavities
Abdominopelvic Cavity
Body system that contains skin, hair, nails, glands
Integumentary System
Body system providing framework and support, protection and means of attachment for muscles
Skeletal System
Body system that is responsible for movement
Muscular System
Body system that process internal and external stimuli; controls and coordinates body
Nervous System
Body system that regulates processes through use of chemical messengers (HORMONES)
Endocrine System
Body system that circulates and transports needed materials to the cells
Circulatory System
Body system that forms immunity and fights infection
Lymphatic System
Body system that takes in oxygen and releases carbon dioxide
Respiratory System
Body system that stores food, breaks it down, and prepares solid waste for release
Digestive System
Body system that deals with regulation of water and electrolytes; produces liquid waste
Urinary System
What do kidneys filter
Blood
Body system that deals with production of offspring
Reproductive System
Maintenance of a state of internal environment
Homeostasis
Breaking down of substances into small parts
Catabolism
Building up of substances into larger, usable compounds for growth and repair
Anabolism
All body processes
Metabolism
