Chapter 1 Terms Flashcards
anomie
the loss of direction felt in a society when social control of indivdual behavior has become ineffective
applied sociology
the use of the discipline of sociology with the specific intent of yielding practical applications for human behavior and organizations
basic sociology
sociological inquiry conducted with the objective of gaining a more profound knowledge of the fundamental aspects of social phenomena AKA as pure sociology
clinical sociology
the use of the discipline of sociology with the specific intent of altering social relationships and reconstructuring social institutions
conflict perspective
a sociological approach that assumes that social behavior is the best understood in terms of tension between groups over power or the allocation of resources, including housing, money, access to services, and political presentation
cultural capital
noneconomic goods, such as family background and education, which are reflected in a knowledge of language and the arts
double consciousness
the division of an individuals identity into two or more social realities
dramaturgical approach
the view of social interaction in which people are seen as theatrical performers
dysfunction
an element of process of a society that may disrupt the social system or reduce its stability
feminist view
sociological approach the views inequity in gender as central to all behavior and organization
functionalist perspective
a sociological approach that emphasizes the way in which the parts of a society are structured to maintain its stability
globalization
the worldwide integration of government policies, cultures, social movements, and financial markets through trade and the exchange of ideas
ideal type
a construct or model for evaluation specific cases
interactionist perspective
a sociological approach the generalizes about everyday forms of social interaction in order to explain society as a whole
latent function
an unconscious or unitended function that may reflect hidden purposes
macrosociology
sociological investigation that concentrates on large scale phenomena or entire civilizations – such as – functionalists or conflict theorists
manifest function
an open, stated, and conscious function
microsociology
sociological investigation that stresses the study of small groups, often through experimental means – such as symbolic interaction
natural science
the study of the physical features of nature and the ways in which they interact and change
nonverbal communication
the sending of messages through the use of gestures, facial expressions, and postures
science
the body of knowledge obtained by methods based on systematic observation
social capital
the collective benefit of social networks, which are built on reciprocal trust
social inequality
a condition in which members of a society have different amounts of wealth, prestige or power
social science
the study of social features of humans and the ways in which they interact and change
sociological imagination
an awareness of the relationship between an individual and the wider society, both today and in the past – concept introduced by C. Wright Mills
sociology
the scientific study of social behavior and human groups
theory
in sociology, a set of statements that seek to explain problems, actions or behavior
Verstehen
the german word for “understanding” or “insight”; used to stress the need for sociologists to take into account the subjective meanings people attach to their actions
