Chapter 1 Summative

Question 1

List the different branches that Chemistry is broken down into:

Answer 1

Organic, Inorganic, Physical, Analytical, Biochemistry, Environmental, Industrial, Polymer, Theoretical, and Thermo

Question 2

What is organic Chemistry?

Answer 2

Study of organic compounds and materials containing CARBON atoms

Question 3

What is inorganic Chemistry?

Answer 3

Behavior of inorganic compounds. Deals with all NON-CARBON Coumpounds.

Question 4

What is physical chemistry?

Answer 4

the branch of chemistry concerned with the application of the techniques and theories of physics to the study of chemical systems. (behavior)

Question 5

What is analytical chemistry?

Answer 5

studies and uses instruments and methods used to separate, identify, and quantify matter. (analyzing)

Question 6

What is biochemistry?

Answer 6

the branch of science concerned with the chemical processes that occur within living organisms. (LIFE)

Question 7

What is enivronmental chemistry?

Answer 7

scientific study of the chemical and biochemical phenomena that occur in natural places. (Environment)

Question 8

What is industrial chemistry?

Answer 8

branch of chemistry which applies physical and chemical processes towards the transformation of raw materials into products that are of benefit to humanity. (industry)

Question 9

What is polymer chemistry?

Answer 9

chemistry subdiscipline that deals with the structures, chemical synthesis and properties of polymers, (polymer)

Question 10

What is theoretical chemistry?

Answer 10

examination of the structural and dynamic properties of molecules and molecular materials using the tools of quantum chemistry, (thoughts+ideas)

Question 11

What is thermochemistry?

Answer 11

relating to heat

Question 12

What are CFC’s? (chloroflurocarbon’s)

Answer 12

typically gases used in refrigerants and aerosol propellants.They are harmful to the ozone layer in the earth’s atmosphere . When CFCs comes in contact with UV light, chlorine breaks away from the molecule.(3o2 comes into contact with UV is 2o3)

Question 13

Why is the study of CFC’s important?

Answer 13

Because if we don’t monitor the use of CFC’s, then this could lead to the depletion of the ozone layer, which could eventually cause skin cancer in humans due to the UV light breaking through

Question 14

What is a conclusion in terms of the scientific method?

Answer 14

A conclusion summarizes how your results either support or refute your hypothesis. A conclusion is made after the experiment is done and the data is gathered.

Question 15

What is the control group in terms of the scientific method?

Answer 15

group/things in an experiment or study that does not receive treatment by the researchers and is then used as a benchmark to measure how the other tested subjects do.

Question 16

What is data in scientific method?

Answer 16

information collected using specific methods for a specific purpose of studying or analyzing. Data collected in a lab experiment done under controlled conditions is an example of scientific data.

Question 17

What is qualitative data?

Answer 17

Information about things that can’t be measured Some examples of this type of data is the softness of your skin, and the color of your eyes

Question 18

What is quantitative data?

Answer 18

data about numeric variables such as how much or how often something occurs.

Question 19

What is an experiment?

Answer 19

A scientific procedure meant to test the hypothesis

Question 20

What is a hypothesis?

Answer 20

A proposed explanation made on limited evidence as a starting point for further investigation

Question 21

What is mass?

Answer 21

A measurement that reflects the amount of matter

Question 22

How is mass different from weight?

Answer 22

Mass is a measurement of the amount of matter something contains, while Weight is the measurement of the pull of gravity on an object.

Question 23

What is matter?

Answer 23

Anything that has mass and takes up space. (physical substance)

Question 24

How are matter and mass different and similar?

Answer 24

Matter is anything that takes up space, can be perceived by your senses in some way, and has mass.Mass is the amount of matter that forms a body that has some sort of shape and size.

Question 25

What is an observation?

Answer 25

The data you record/observe during a science experiment.

Question 26

What is a direct observation?

Answer 26

refers to sampling behaviors as they naturally occur; Taking data down in an experiment as they happen

Question 27

What is an indirect observation?

Answer 27

Researcher may rely on the observations of others to make their own observations

Question 28

What is ozone?

Answer 28

a colorless unstable toxic gas with a pungent odor and powerful oxidizing properties, formed from oxygen by electrical discharges or ultraviolet light.

Question 29

What is the formula for ozone?

Answer 29

O3

Question 30

What is the function of the ozone layer?

Answer 30

to absorb the Sun’s ultraviolet radiation, hence protecting the Earth from its harmful effects.

Question 31

What is the significance of research in science?

Answer 31

Research in science is critical for economic growth, social development, and enviornmental protection

Question 32

What is the difference between pure research and applied research?

Answer 32

Applied research is carried out in order to solve specific and practical questions/problems. Pure Research is scientific research aimed to improve scientific theories for better understanding of phenomena. Often fueled by curiosity instead of a specific question or problem

Question 33

What is the scientific method?

Answer 33

a process for experimentation that is used to explore observations and answer questions.

Question 34

What is a scientific model?

Answer 34

a representation of an idea, an object or even a process or a system that is used to describe and explain phenomena that cannot be experienced directly. Example: A model to show the process of water flow on Earth

Question 35

What is a substance and give an example?

Answer 35

a particular kind of matter with uniform properties. Example: Iron, methane

Question 36

What is a theory?

Answer 36

a system of ideas intended to explain something, especially one based on general principles independent of the thing to be explained.

Question 37

Can a theory be proven?

Answer 37

If enough evidence is available to support a hypothesis, it becomes a theory. A theory can then be tested via expriments, and then it can possibly become a law.

Question 38

What is a variable?

Answer 38

any factor, trait, or condition that can exist in differing amounts or types. An experiment usually has three kinds of variables: independent, dependent, and controlled.

Question 39

What is the difference between independent varialbles and dependent variables?

Answer 39

The value of independent variables can not be changed, but the value of dependent variables can. Independent variable value is manipulated in an experiment.