Chapter 1 Study Guide Flashcards
What is an anthropologist?
Examine the artifacts at archaeologist digs
What is a paleontologist?
Study fossils- evidence of early preserved rocks
What is an archaeologist?
A specially trained scientist who work like detectives to uncover the story of prehistoric people
What is “Lucy”?
An unusually complete skeleton of an adult female hominid discovered by Louis S. B. Leakey and Mary Leakey
What are a hominid’s advantage?
- ability to walk upright
- spot threatening animals
- carry food and children
- opposable thumbs
What are the major achievements of the Paleolithic Age?
The invention of tools, mastery over fire, and the development of language
Homo Erectus first used what tool? Why was this important?
Fire. This is important because it provided warmth, cooked food, and it frightened away animals.
What are the main traits of the Neanderthals?
They had heavy slanted brows, well developed muscles, and thick bones.
What are the main traits of Cro-Magnons?
They’re identical to modern humans. Probably strong and generally 5 1/2 feet tall.
How did agriculture bring about the Neolithic Age?
It provided a steady source of food. It meant that people wouldn’t have to move around as much.
What were the economic/social changes of civilization?
Economic- built irrigation systems. The extra food resulted in free time that allowed people to pursue other jobs and develop skills besides farming.
Social- as special groups of workers formed, social classes with varying wealth, power, and influence began to emerge
What are the five characteristics of a civilization?
- Specialized workers
- Record keeping
- Advanced technology
- Advanced cities
- Complex institutions
