Chapter 1 - Study Guide Flashcards
Introduction to Sociology
What term describes an approach that is an extension of symbolic interaction theory and proposes that reality is what humans cognitively construct it to be?
Social constructionism
Sociology is defined as the:
The study of society and social behavior.
Who coined the term positivism, and is widely considered the father of sociology?
Auguste Comte
Sociological imagination refers to what?
The ability to see the relationship between individual experiences and larger social influences.
A hypothesis can be defined as:
A testable statement about the relationship between two or more variables.
The process of simultaneously analyzing the behavior of individuals and the society that shapes that behavior is referred to as:
The sociological perspective.
Paradigms can be defined as:
Frameworks for understanding and interpreting social phenomena.
Which perspective would Jeremy’s argument about college admissions fall under?
Conflict perspective
What is the name of the theorist who believed that societies grew and changed as a result of the struggles of different social classes over the means of production?
Karl Marx
Which theorist had a theory on how societies transformed from a primitive state into a capitalist, industrial society?
Karl Marx
Which paradigm views society as a structure with interrelated parts designed to meet the biological and social needs of individuals?
Functionalism
Qualitative sociology can be defined as:
The study of social phenomena through non-numerical data.
In Mr. Jones’ project, the first function is an example of the project’s ____ function, the second is an example of the project’s _____ function.
manifest; latent
Max Weber, Georg Simmel, and Karl Marx were all advocates of which paradigm?
Interpretive sociology
A theorist interested in the relationship and nature of day-to-day exchanges of meaning between two groups would come from which perspective?
Symbolic interactionism
Max Weber and other like-minded sociologists proposed a philosophy of anti-positivism whereby social researchers would strive for what?
Understanding
What perspective looks at society as a competition for limited resources?
Conflict perspective
Verstehen is defined by the text as a German word that means:
Understanding or insight.
Sociologists study how society affects people and how people affect society.
True
Modern U.S. families may be very different in structure from what was historically typical.
True
People have been thinking like sociologists long before sociology became a separate academic discipline.
True
Auguste Comte is considered by many to be the father of sociology.
True
Karl Marx was one of the founders of sociology. His ideas about social conflict are still relevant today.
True
Dramaturgical analysis refers to a technique used by sociologists in which they view society through the metaphor of theatrical performance.
True
The research of sociologists Kenneth and Mamie Clark helped the Supreme Court decide to end ‘separate but equal’ racial segregation in schools in the United States.
True
What concept refers to a group’s shared practices, values, and beliefs?
Culture
Sociology and Psychology are the same field of study.
False
Since it was first founded, many people interested in sociology have been driven by the scholarly desire to contribute knowledge to this field.
True
