Chapter 1 Structure and Function of Exercising Muscle Flashcards
What are the three main types of muscle?
Smooth, Skeletal, Cardiac
Smooth muscle and cardiac muscle are under what type of control?
involuntary control
Skeletal muscle is under what type of control?
Voluntary control
The most external layer of a muscle is covered by what connective tissue?
Epimysium
What are specific bundles within a muscle called?
Fascicles
What are the connective tissues surrounding fascicles?
Perimysium
Once past the perimysium and inside of a fascicle there are?
Muscle fibers
The connective tissue surrounding muscle fibers is?
Endomysium
Each muscle fiber is surround by a plasma membrane called??
Plasmalemma
The plasmalemma and the basement membrane in the muscle fiber make up the?
Sarcolemma
The Plasmalemma has many functions including…
- having folds that keep the muscle from stretching too far and disrupting the plasmalemma
- assists in transmission of action potential from motor neuron to muscle fiber
Satellite cells are located between the? Their function is to?
Plasmalemma and the basement membrane. Involved in growth and development of skeletal muscle as well as adaptation to injury, immobilization, and training.
The fluid between muscle fibers is called the?
Sarcoplasm
The Sarcoplasm is composed of …
dissolved proteins, minerals, glycogen, fats, and organelles.
How does the Sarcoplasm differ from cytoplasm?
large amount of glycogen stores and myoglobin stores which is an oxygen binding protein.
extensions of the plasmalemma that pass through the muscle fiber are?
Transverse tubules
Transverse Tubules are? fxn?
interconnected and pass among the myofibrils. They allow for nerve impulses received by the plasmalemma to be transferred to individual myofibrils.
Tubules that run perpendicular to transfer tubules and run parallel to myofibrils are called?
sarcoplasmic reticulum
The sarcoplasmic reticulum fxn is?
To store calcium for muscle contraction
Each muscle fiber contains several thousand ?
myofibrils
The myofibrils contain the contractile unit of the muscle and the basic unit of the myofibril its is called the?
sarcomere
two protein filaments that are in the myofibrils and are considered the contractile units in the muscle
actin, myosin
The thin filaments are?
Actin, troponin, tropomyosin
The thick filaments are?
myosin