Chapter 1 Slides

Question 1

Etiology is defined as…

Answer 1

“Why”/Origin of disease

Question 2

Pathogenesis is defined as…

Answer 2

“How”/Steps of development

Question 3

Adaptations to stressors to maintain homeostasis occurs in which ways?

Answer 3

Physiological

Pathological

Question 4

Which of the following are cellular adaptations to stress?

Answer 4

Hypertrophy
Hyperplasia
Atrophy
Metaplasia

Question 5

Phenotype is defined as…

Answer 5

Obersvable characteristics or traits

Question 6

Steatosis is defined as…

Answer 6

Fatty tissue developed as a result of a cellular adaptation

Question 7

Hypertrophy

Answer 7

↑ size of cells/organ

Cells are incapable of division

Question 8

Hyperplasia

Answer 8

↑ number of cells

Responds to control mechanisms (↓ GF)

Question 9

Atrophy

Answer 9

Reduction in cell size (organ)
↓ protein synthesis (↓ metabolism)
↑ protein breakdown

Question 10

Causes of Atrophy

Answer 10

Disuse (immobilization)
Ischemia: ↓ blood/nutrients
Denervation
Endocrine disruption
Aging (senile)

Question 11

Metaplasia

Answer 11

Reversible replacement of 1 mature (differentiated) cell type by another; Response to prolonged stressors

Question 12

Necrosis

Answer 12

Abnormal cell death with inflammatory processes

Question 13

Types of Necrosis

Answer 13

Coagulative
Liquefactive
Caseous
Fat
Fibrinoid

Question 14

Gangrenous necrosis

Answer 14

ischemic necrosis in an extremity

Technically, subset of coagulative necrosis