Chapter 1 - Science Inquiry

Question 1

What are the 6 types of Investigation?

Answer 1

Observations - in investigations based on observations, scientists are looking for patterns. They observe changes that may occur.

Controlled experiments - Experiments that investigate relationships between two particular variables. One variable changes while the other remains the same.

Survey - Collecting primary data. Limited by the amount of people you survey and the honesty of their answers.

Trial and Error - The process of repeating an experiment over and over again to identity and remove any mistakes/errors.

Case studies - An in depth investigation of one particular person or situation.

Longitudinal Studies - Similar to a case study but it more prolonged. It can occur over years to decades.

Question 2

What are the 7 steps of the scientific method?

Answer 2

1. Recognise a problem and define a question.
2. Collect as much information as possible relating to the problem.
3. Propose a hypothesis.
4. Test the hypothesis using an experiment.
5. Analyse and interpret the data collected from the experiment.
6. Draw conclusions about whether the hypothesis was supported or disproved.
7. Report on the investigation.

Question 3

What do you need to consider when planning an investigation? (5 things)

Answer 3

1. Safety
2. Ethics/morals (voluntary participation, informed consent, risk of harm, confidentiality, morals).
3. Controlling variables
4. Repetition and replication
5. Validity and Reliability of results

Question 4

What are 3 things to consider when analysing results?

Answer 4

1. Quantifying results
2. Any errors and imitations in the data
3. Processing the data (mean, median, range etc)

Question 5

What are 3 ways you can present data?

Answer 5

1. Tables
2. Graphs
3. Models

Question 6

What are the 9 steps of writing an investigation report?

Answer 6

1. Title
2. Introduction
3. Hypothesis
4. Materials and equipment
5. Procedure
6. Results
7. Discussion
8. Conclusion
9. References

Question 7

What is the difference between the independent variable and the dependant variable?

Answer 7

Independent = controlled = the variable that you control

Dependant = response = the variable that responds