Chapter 1: Psychological Testing and Assessment (Cohen) Flashcards
It is defined as the gathering and integration of psychology-related data for the purpose of making a psychological evaluation that is accomplished through the use of tools .
Psychological Assessment
It refers to the process of measuring psychology-related variables by means of devices or procedures designed to obtain a sample of behavior
Psychological testing
It is the first step in making a psychological assessment
Referral
What is the process of assessment?
- Referral
- Selection of tools
- Formal assessment
- Writing report of the findings
What are the tools of psychological observation?
Test Interviews Portfolios Case History Data Role Play Tests Behavioral Observation Computer as Tools
The assessor and assessee may work as “partners” from initial contact through final feedback
Collaborative Psychological Assessment
It refers to the interactive, changing, or varying nature of the assessment
evaluation-intervention-evaluation
Dynamic Assessment
It is a measuring device or procedure
Test
A device or procedure designed to measure variables related to psychology
Psychological Test
A method of gathering information through direct communication involving a reciprocal exchange
Interview
A compilation of an individual’s files or work products
Portfolio
It refers to records, transcripts, and other accounts in written, pictorial, or other forms that preserve archival information, official and informational accounts, and other data relevant to an assessee
Case history data
It is employed by assessment professionals; defined as monitoring the actions of others or oneself by visual or electronic means.
Behavioral Observation
The act of observing human behavior in a natural setting- that is the setting in which the behavior would typically be expected to occur.
Naturalistic observation
Refers to a tool of assessment wherein assessees are directed to act as if they were in a particular situation. Assesses are evaluated with regard to their expressed thoughts, behavior, abilities, and other variables.
Role playtest
Who are the parties?
Test Developer
Test User
Testtaker
creates test or other methods of assessment
Test developer
licensed/authorized professionals who will administer the test/s
Test User
refers to anyone who is the subject of an assessment or evaluation
Test taker
The reconstruction of a deceased individual’s profile on the basis of archival records, artifacts, and interviews previously conducted with the deceased assessee or with the people who knew him or her.
Psychological autopsy
adaptation of a test, procedure, or situation or the substitution of one test for another, to make the assessment suitable for an assessee with exceptional needs
Accommodation
“An evaluative or diagnostic procedure or process that varies from the usual, customary, or standardized way a measurement is derived, either by some special accommodation made to the assessee or by alternative methods designed to measure the same variable(s)”
Alternate Assessment
contain a brief description of the test and seldom contain the kind of detailed technical information that a prospective user might require; the objective is to sell the test
Test catalogues
detailed information concerning the development of a particular test and technical information relating to it
Test manual
contain reviews of the test, updated or independent studies of its psychometric soundness, or examples of how the instrument was used in either research or an applied context
journal articles
computerized collections of information available from online commercial sources or via the internet
online databases
contains descriptions and critical reviews of a test written by third parties who have presumably nothing to lose or gain by praising or criticizing the instrument, standardization sample and its psychometric soundness
Reference volumes
online compilations of newspapers, magazines, journals, and other information sources.
online databases
A type of test which evaluates accomplishment or the degree of learning that has taken place
Achievement test
defined as a description or conclusion reached on the basis of evidence and opinion.
Diagnosis
It refers to a tool of assessment used to help narrow down and identify areas of deficit to be targeted for intervention.
Diagnostic test
a typically nonsystematic assessment that leads to the formation of an opinion or attitude.
Informal evaluation
What are the variables that differentiates psychological tests from other tools?
Content Format Administration procedures Scoring Interpretation
This pertain to the subject matter of the the test
Content
This pertains to the form, plan, structure, arrangement, and layout of test items as well as to related considerations such as time limits.
Format
How a test is being conducted
administration procedures
Refers to a code or summary statement that reflects an evaluation of performance on a test, t ask, interview or some other sample behavior.
Score
Refers to a reference point, usually numerical, derived by judgment and used to divide a set of data into two or more classifications
Cut score/ cutoff score
refers to, broadly speaking, the use of tests and other tools to evaluate abilities and skills relevant to success or failure in a school or pre-school context.
educational assessment
the use of evaluative tools to draw conclusions about psychological aspects of a person as they existed at some point in time prior to the assessment.
retrospective assessment
refers to the use of tools of psychological evaluation to gather data and draw conclusions about a subject
who is not in physical proximity to the person or people conducting the evaluation
remote assessment
refers to the usefulness or practical value that a test or other tool of assessment has for a particular purpose
Utility
This type of report is usually written in language appropriate for communication between assessment professionals, may provide an expert opinion concerning the analysis of data
consultative report
Scoring is done at some central location
central processing
scoring is sent or returned from a central facility by means of phone lines.
teleprocessing
Refers to mere listing of scores
simple scoring report
Refers to detailed scoring which includes statistical analyses of testtakers performance
extended scoring
A scoring report that is distinguished by its inclusion of numerical or narrative interpretive statements in the report
Interpretive report
A type of report that is designed to integrate data from sources other than the test itself into the interpretive report; it employed previously collected data into the test report
Integrative report
