CHAPTER 1: PROPERTIES OF FLUIDS Flashcards
A physical science dealing with the action of fluids at rest or in motion, and with applications and devices in engineering using fluids.
FLUID MECHANICS
Major areas of Fluid Mechanics
FLUID STATICS AND FLUID DYNAMICS
Fluid Statics
deals with fluids at rest
Fluid Mechanics
concerned with fluids in motion
applied to the flow of liquids or low-velocity gas flows where gas can be considered as being essentially incompressible
HYDRODYNAMICS
it deals with the application of fluid mechanics to engineering devices involving liquids, usually water or oil
HYDRAULICS
What are the two general categories of fluids?
IDEAL FLUIDS AND REAL FLUIDS
Identify whether the stated characteristic is under the IDEAL or REAL fluid category:
Assumed to have no viscosity (no resistance)
IDEAL FLUIDS
Identify whether the stated characteristic is under the IDEAL or REAL fluid category:
Incompressible
IDEAL FLUIDS
Identify whether the stated characteristic is under the IDEAL or REAL fluid category:
Have uniform velocity when flowing
IDEAL FLUIDS
Identify whether the stated characteristic is under the IDEAL or REAL fluid category:
No friction between moving layers of fluids
IDEAL FLUIDS
Identify whether the stated characteristic is under the IDEAL or REAL fluid category:
No eddy currents or turbulence
IDEAL FLUIDS
Identify whether the stated characteristic is under the IDEAL or REAL fluid category:
Exhibits infinite viscosities
REAL FLUIDS
Identify whether the stated characteristic is under the IDEAL or REAL fluid category:
Non-uniform velocity distribution when flowing
REAL FLUIDS
Identify whether the stated characteristic is under the IDEAL or REAL fluid category:
Compressible
REAL FLUIDS
Identify whether the stated characteristic is under the IDEAL or REAL fluid category:
Experience friction & turbulence in flow
REAL FLUIDS
A type of REAL FLUID where viscosity is not affected by shear rate
NEWTONIAN FLUIDS
A type of REAL FLUID that exhibits variable viscosity depending on the applied stress or shear rate
NON-NEWTONIAN FLUIDS
3 Examples of Non-Newtonian Fluids
PSUEDOPLASTIC FLUIDS
DELARANT FLUIDS
BINGHAM FLUIDS
the density of a fluid is its mass per unit volume:
p(RHO) = Mass of fluid, M/Volume, V
MAS DENSITY, p (RHO)
is the volume occupied by a unit mass of fluid:
Vs = 1/p
SPECIFIC VOLUME, Vs
is the weight of a unit volume of fluid:
y = weight of fluid, W/ volume, V
OR
y = pg
UNIT WEIGHT OR SPECIFIC WEIGHT, y
is a dimensionless ratio of fluid density to some standard reference density:
s = pliquid/pwater
OR
s = pgas/pair
