Chapter 1 - Places to Begin Flashcards
Latin term for “covenant”
testamentum
Scripture
Those writings that function authoritatively for the faith and practice of a religious group. It does not necessarily refer to a formal, fixed number of texts.
Greek term for “canon”
Kanōn
Meaning of kanōn (general)
Originally a reed or rod used for measuring or keeping straight, later “normative” or standard in a metaphorical sense
Meaning of canon or kanōn for use in this class
The normative list of authoritative texts that function as Scripture
The Hebrew Bible
Tanakh
The Law (in the Hebrew Bible)
Torah
The Prophets (in the Hebrew Bible)
Nevi’im
The Writings (in the Hebrew Bible)
Ketuvim
Tanakh
The Hebrew Bible
Torah
The Law (in the Hebrew Bible)
Nevi’im
The Prophets (in the Hebrew Bible)
Ketuvim
The Writings (in the Hebrew Bible)
Septuagint
Greek Translations of the Hebrew Scriptures (Literally means 70, so is also called LXX)
Apocrypha
The texts in the Septuagint that were removed from the Protestant Old Testament. The Catholic Tradition refers to these writings as deuterocanonical (“second canon”)
Greek term for Catholic
Katholikos (meaning universal or general)
Allegory
The interpretation of text to have hidden meanings and thus great symbolic value for readers
Hermeneutics
the art of interpretation (what did it mean, what does it mean)
Criticism (in the context of biblical scholarship)
the serious, historical study of a text
Source Criticism
The attempt to determine the author of the text; what is the source of the material? What were the intentions of the author?
Form Criticism
The analysis of types of literature and classification of them according to forms such as hymns, laments, and sagas. Then the setting and intent of the form can be determined.
Tradition History
The history of traditions in ancient Israel; the study of key memories and their development in the Old Testament.
Redaction Criticism
The study of the compilation or editing of a text; the why and how of the editing of a text
Canonical Criticism
The determination of when, why, and by whom the layers of Scripture were considered authoritative and to what special purposes
Narrative Criticism
Study that pays close attention to the way features such as character and characterization, plot development, point of view, and language shape meaning in the text.
Rhetorical Criticism
The identification of any type of recurrent pattern, such as repetition or word plays, which contributes to the persuasive nature of the text
Reader Response Criticism
Searching for meaning through leaving the historical circumstances of the text in favor of the circumstances of the reader and his or her values, beliefs, etc.
Pentateuch
The first 5 books of the Protestant and Catholic Old Testaments (Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, Deuteronomy)
What are the Autographs
The original texts of the Bible
What term refers to the writings that function authoritatively for the faith and practice of a religious faith tradition?
Scripture
Which texts were authoritative for the Christian movement from the very beginning?
The Jewish Scriptures
What is the general order in which the Hebrew canon developed?
Law, Prophets, Writings
What is the last book of the Protestant Old Testament?
Malachi
What is the last book of the Hebrew Old Testament?
2 Chronicles
