CHAPTER 1: PHASES & CLASSIFICATION OF MATTER

Question 1

MATTER

Answer 1

anything that has mass and occupies space

Question 2

STATES OF MATTER

Answer 2

solid
liquid - flows and takes shape of container
gas - takes both shape and volume of container
*more density, harder to compress

Question 3

SOLID

Answer 3

definite volume and definite shape; atoms or molecules are in fixed locations

Question 4

LIQUID

Answer 4

atoms or molecules are free to move relative to each other giving liquids a definite volume but not a definite shape - assume shape of container

Question 5

GAS

Answer 5

atoms or molecules have a lot of space between them and are free to move relative to one another; always assumes shape and volume of container

Question 6

PURE SUBSTANCES

Answer 6

always have constant composition; single element (He); single compound (H20); pure molecule (H2); single atom; can separate components by chemical process

Question 7

MIXTURES

Answer 7

combination of pure substances; salt water; variable composition e.g. 5% salt or 10% salt in salt water; can separate components by physical process

Question 8

COMPOUND

Answer 8

2 or more different atoms; baking soda

Question 9

ELEMENT

Answer 9

pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical changes; consists of 1 type of atom

Question 10

MOLECULAR COMPOUND

Answer 10

in addition to having 2 or more atoms, 2 or more are different

Question 11

ATOM

Answer 11

smallest particles of an element that have the properties of that element

Question 12

HETEROGENEOUS MIXTURE

Answer 12

composition that varies from point to point

Question 13

HOMOGENEOUS MIXTURE

Answer 13

solution, has uniform composition throughout

Question 14

PHYSICAL PROPERTY

Answer 14

characteristics of matter not associated with a change in chemical composition.
• density, color, hardness, conductivity, viscosity

Question 15

CHEMICAL PROPERTY

Answer 15

behavior related to the change of one kind of matter into another kind of matter
• flammability, reactivity, acidity, etc

Question 16

PHYSICAL CHANGE

Answer 16

change in the state or properties of matter that does not involve a change in its chemical composition
melting ice; shredding paper; chopping wood

Question 17

CHEMICAL CHANGE

Answer 17

change producing a different kind of matter from the original kind of matter
burning wood; rusting metal; fireworks

Question 18

EXTENSIVE PROPERTY

Answer 18

property of a substance that depends on the amount of the substance
e.g. mass, volume, heat

Question 19

INTENSIVE PROPERTY

Answer 19

property of a substance that is independent of the amount of the substance
e.g. density, temperature

Question 20

ELASTIC COLLISION

Answer 20

collision in which there is no net loss in kinetic energy in the system as a result of the collision
gas molecules exert no attractive or repulsive forces on each other or the container walls; therefore, their
collisions are elastic (do not involve a loss of energy)

Question 21

SUBLIMATION

Answer 21

solid to gas

Question 22

DEPOSITION

Answer 22

gas to solid

Question 23

VAPORIZATION

Answer 23

liquid to gas

Question 24

CONDENSATION

Answer 24

gas to liquid

Question 25

FUSION/MELTING

Answer 25

solid to liquid

Question 26

FREEZING

Answer 26

liquid to solid