Chapter-1-Operating System And GUI

Question 1

What is an operating system defined.

Answer 1

And operating system is a collection of software that manages computer hardware resources and provides common services for computer programs the operating system is a vital component of the system software and a computer system. An operating system is an interface between the computer user and computer hardware. An operating system is a software which performs all basic tasks like-
1. file management
2. memory management
3. Process management
4. Handling input and output and
5. Controlling peripheral devices such as disk drives and printers.
Some popular operating system is include Linux, windows, OSX, VMS, OS/400, AIX, Z/OS, android, Macintosh, etc.

Question 2

When was the 1st GUI to be developed and when did it become popular

Answer 2

The firstGUI was developed in the 1970s by Xerox Corporation, although GUI’s did not become popular until the 1980s with the emergence of the Apple Macintosh computer.

Question 3

List the functions of operating system

Answer 3

1. It boots the computer.
2. It performs basic computer tasks example managing the various peripheral devices example mouse, keyboard
3. It provides a user interface, example command line , graphical user interface.
4. It handles system resources such as computers memory and sharing of the central processing unit time by various application or peripheral devices.
5. It provides file management which refers to the way that the operating system manipulates, stores, retrieve, and saves data.
6. Error handling is done by the operating system. It takes preventive measures whenever required to avoid errors.

Across all devices, Google‘s android operating system is the most common. This includes tablets, phones and laptops.

Question 4

List the types of operating system

Answer 4

Operating system usually comes preloaded on any computer your buy. Most people use the operating system that comes with a computer, but it’s possible to upgrade to even change operating systems. The three most common operating systems for personal computers as Microsoft windows, macOS X and Linux.

Question 5

What is the user interface?

Answer 5

A user interface, also called a UI or simply an interface is the means in which a person controls a software application or hardware device. A good user interface provides a user-friendly experience, allowing the user to interact with the software or hardware in a natural and intuitive way. Nearly all software programs have a graphical user interface, Or GUI . A user interface can be CUI( character user interface), or GUI (graphical user interface.)

Question 6

Define CUI ( character user interface )briefly

Answer 6

CUI means you have to take help of a keyboard to type commands to interact with the computer. You can only type text to give commands to the computer as an MS DOS Or command prompt. There are no images or graphics on the screen and it is a primitive type of interface. In the beginning, computers had to be operated through this interface and users who have seen it say that they had to contend with a black screen with white text only. In those days there once no need of a mouse as see you I did not support the use of pointer devices. CUI’s have gradually become outdated with the more advanced GUI taking their place.

Question 7

Define GUI (graphical user interface )briefly

Answer 7

Modern operating systems use a graphical user interface,or GUI. A GUI lets you use your mouse to click icons, buttons and menus and everything is clearly displayed on the screen using a combination of graphics and text. For example, the recycle bin I can looks like a dustbin and clearly indicates that it is something to do with deleting unwanted files or folders. So it is very user-friendly. Each operating systems GUI has a different look and feel, so if you switch to a different operating system it may seem unfamiliar at first. However, modern operating systems are designed to be easy to use and most of the basic principles are the same.

Question 8

List the difference between CUI and GUI.

Answer 8

1. CUI is the precursor of GUI and stands for character user interface where user has to type on keyboard to proceed. On the other hand GUI stands for graphical user interface which makes it possible to use a mouse instead of keyboard.
2. GUI is much easier to navigate then CUI.
3. there is only text in case of CEY well as there are graphics and other visual cues in case of GUI.
4. Most modern computers use GUI I am not CUI.
5. DOS is an example of CUI where as Windows is an example of GUI.

Question 9

Write the advantages of GUI.

Answer 9

The advantages of GUI are as follows –

1. saves time editing configuration settings manually.
2. Allows for easy memorisation of tasks, instead of having to remember commands to type into a terminal that you may or may not remember is Lee.
3. any body can use a computer with a well designed GUI, so where computers used to only benefit the technically savvy and highly paid expert in our benefit almost everyone.
4. It really helps Wenders to sell software because probably most people would not buy the software, if it did not have a point and click interface for easy use.