Chapter 1: Neurotransmitters Part 2 Flashcards
1
Q
What is norepinephrine synthesized by?
A
Dopamine
2
Q
Where are the norepinephrine cell bodies?
A
Locus coeruleus (pons) to cerebral cortex, hippocampus, amygdala, basil ganglia, cerebellum
3
Q
What are the functions of norepinephrine?
A
Focused attention and increase in conditions of stress
4
Q
What are the 4 groups of antidepressants?
A
- MAO inhibitors
- Tricyclic antidepressants
- SNRIs (serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors)
- NDRIs (norepinephrine and dopamine reuptake inhibitors)
5
Q
Name 5 SNRIs.
A
- cymbalta
- effexor
- khedezla
- fetzima
- pristiq
6
Q
What is the role or serotonin: 5-HT? (3)
A
- regulation of mood and pain
- control of eating, sleep, and arousal
- serotonergic neurons = control of dreaming
7
Q
Where are the serotonin: 5-HT cell bodies located?
A
- Raphe nuclei
2. substantia nigra
8
Q
What are the LSD receptors?
A
acts on type-2 serotonin receptors
9
Q
What are the LSD effects?
A
- Visual hallucinations
- Heightens sensory awareness
- Electrical activity in visual cortex comes from brainstem rather than from eyes
10
Q
What are the different groups and subtypes of opioid peptides?
A
- MU: endorphins
- Delta: enkephalins
- Kappa: dynorphins
11
Q
What is CB1?
A
- Receptor found in the CNS
- Mostly presynaptic
12
Q
What is CB2?
A
- Occurs in immune system and other tissues like (bone, fat cells and GI tract)
- Mostly postsnaptic
13
Q
Name 2 retrograde messengers and their function.
A
AEA ans 2-AG
- 2 main ECS
- Carry information in opposite direction from normal
14
Q
What are the effects of EC?
A
- act locally
- broken down fast
- inhibit excessive NT release
15
Q
What are the effects of THC?
A
- mimics effects of ECs
- activates all CB receptors
- not broken down easily
