Chapter 1: Nature of Science

Question 1

What is Earth Science?

Answer 1

The study of Earth systems and our setting in the universe.

Question 2

What are the four sciences in Earth science?

Answer 2

Geology: Study of Rock, Meteorology: Study of our atmosphere (Weather), Oceanography: Oceans + Water, Astronomy: Stars + Planets

Question 3

Observations are made with…

Answer 3

…our five senses.

Question 4

What is an inference?

Answer 4

An explanation or conclusion based on observations, based on observations.

Question 5

What are the 3 steps of experiments?

Answer 5

A. Make a hypothesis (an educated guess) of a question or a problem / B. Experiment + Make observations / C. Make an inference or conclusion/reasoning

Question 6

The Metric System

Answer 6

Easier to use, Base 10, used by all scientists, prefix + base = measurement

Question 7

Base Unit of Length

Answer 7

Meter

Question 8

Base Unit of Mass

Answer 8

Gram

Question 9

Base Unit of Volume

Answer 9

Liter

Question 10

Conversions

Answer 10

Katy Hates Dave Because Dave Can’t Multiply: Kilo/Hecta/Deca/Base/Deci/Centi/Milli

Question 11

How to make a conversion work?

Answer 11

1. Start at the original unit / 2. Count to the desired unit or number / 3. Move the decimal the same direction

Question 12

Weight

Answer 12

How much gravity is pulling on your mass, is always constant. You weigh less in space, but have the same mass

Question 13

Scientific Notation is for…

Answer 13

..very small numbers.

Question 14

Percent Error or Deviation

Answer 14

Compares a measurement with an accepted or true value; Difference/Real value x 100 = % Error

Question 15

What are graphs?

Answer 15

A visual way of showing information and relationships.

Question 16

What are the types of graphs?

Answer 16

Line, Bar, Pie

Question 17

What are the common relationships?

Answer 17

Direct: Both variables increase / Inverse or Indirect: One increases, and the other decreases / One increases and the other remains the same

Question 18

What is Density?

Answer 18

The amount of matter in a substance for a given volume, or how close the atoms are together.

Question 19

Density =

Answer 19

Mass/Volume

Question 20

What are the density units?

Answer 20

g/mL and g/cm^3

Question 21

How do you find volume?

Answer 21

L x W x H or Water Displacement

Question 22

Density of water is?

Answer 22

1 g/mL

Question 23

Does the density of a substance change?

Answer 23

NO, no matter how small, heavy, or light it is.

Question 24

Density and Temperature

Answer 24

The more something is heated, the faster its atoms bump into each other. This pushes them farther apart and the substance expands. As the temperature increases density decreases.