Chapter 1 minerals

Question 1

mineral

Answer 1

A naturally formed inorganic solid that has a definite crystalline structure.

Question 2

element

Answer 2

A substance that cannot be separated or broken down by chemical means.

Question 3

compound

Answer 3

A substance made up of atoms of two or more different elements joined by chemical bonds.

Question 4

crystal

Answer 4

A solid whose atoms, ions, or molecules are arranged in definite pattern.

Question 5

silicate minerals

Answer 5

A mineral that contains a combination of silicon, oxygen, and one or more metals.

Question 6

non-silicate minerals

Answer 6

A mineral that does not contain compounds of silicon and oxygen.

Question 7

streak

Answer 7

The color of the powder of a mineral.

Question 8

cleavage

Answer 8

The splitting of a mineral along smooth, flat surfaces.

Question 9

fracture

Answer 9

The manner in which a mineral breaks along either curved or irregular surfaces.

Question 10

hardness

Answer 10

A measure of the ability of a mineral to resist scratching.

Question 11

density

Answer 11

The ratio of the mass of a substance to the volume of the substance.

Question 12

ore

Answer 12

A natural material whose concentration of economically valuable minerals is high enough for the material to be mined profitably.

Question 13

reclamation

Answer 13

The process of returning land to its original condition after mining is completed.

Question 14

Strata

Answer 14

Layers of rock.

Question 15

Stratification

Answer 15

The process in which sedimentary rocks are arranged in layers.

Question 16

Foliated

Answer 16

The texture of metamorphic rock in which the mineral grains are arranged in planes or bands.

Question 17

Non-Foliated

Answer 17

The texture of metamorphic rock in which the mineral grains are not arranged in planes or bands.

Question 18

Rock

Answer 18

A naturally occurring solid mixture of one or more minerals or organic matter.

Question 19

Rock Cycle

Answer 19

The series of processes in which of a rock forms, changes from one type to another, is destroyed, and forms again by geological processes.

Question 20

Deposition

Answer 20

The process in which material is laid down.

Question 21

Composition

Answer 21

The chemical makeup of a rock, describes either the mineral or other materials in the rock.

Question 22

Texture

Answer 22

The quality of a rock that is based on the size,shapes, and position of the rock’s grain.