Chapter 1: Mental Health and Mental Illness Flashcards
What is the belief that the overall person is flawed, is characterized by social shunning, disgrace, and shame?
stigma
What is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity?
health
What is a state of well-being in which individuals reach their own potential, cope with the normal stresses of life, work productively, and contribute to the community?
mental health
What refers to all psychiatric disorders that have definable diagnoses?
Mental illness
How many adult Americans experienced a mental illness?
1 in 5
What age range has the highest level of mental illnesses?
18 to 25
Characterized by adequate to high-level functioning
Well-being
What is the ability and capacity for people to secure the resources they need to support their well-being?
resillience
What is the earliest social group that has tremendous effects on developing and vulnerable humans?
the family
What drug challenged the psychological focus in 1952?
chlorpromazine (thorazine)
What does diathesis represent in the diathesis-stress model?
biological predisposition
What does stress represent in the diathesis-stress model?
environmental stress or trauma
The quantitative study of the distribution of mental disorders in human populations
epidemiology
What are indicators of well-being?
occasional stress to mild distress but no impairment
What are indicators of emotional problems or concerns?
mild to moderate distress and mild or temporary impairment
What are the indicators of mental illness?
marked distress with moderate to disabling of chronic impairment
What scores would indicate low resilient coping?
4-13
What scores would be indicative of medium resilient copers?
14-16
What scores would be indicative of high resilient copers?
17-20
Which psychological disorders have clear signs of altered brain function and/or structure?
schizophrenia, OCD, anxiety, and depression
Which drug was found to have a calming effect on patients experiencing agitation and feeling out of control?
chlorpromazine
What is the most accepted explanation for mental illness?
the diathesis-stress model
What advances and progress were made during the Decade of the Brain?
Understanding the genetic basis of embryonic and fetal neural development
Mapping genes involved in neurological illnesses (i.e. Parkinson’s, Alzheimer’s, epilepsy)
Discovering that the brain uses a small number of neurotransmitters but has a vast assortment of neurotransmitter receptors
Uncovering the role of cytokines
Refining neuroimaging techniques
Bringing together computer modeling and laboratory research, which resulted in computational neuroscience
Two most important messages from the first Surgeon General’s report on the topic of mental health
mental health is fundamental to overall health and there are effective treatments
What were the goals of the Human Genome Project? (5)
Identify the approximately 20,000 to 25,000 genes in human DNA.
Determine the sequences of the 3 billion chemical base pairs that make up human DNA.
Store this information in databases.
Improve tools for data analysis.
Address the ethical, legal, and social issues that may arise from the project.
What are the 6 key areas involved in Quality and Safety Education for Nurses?
Patient-centered care, teamwork and collaboration, evidence-based practice, quality improvement, safety, and informatics
How many disorders does the DSM-5 cover?
157
How do nursing diagnoses and the DSM-5 affect each other?
the DSM-5 is used to diagnose a psychiatric disorder and the nursing diagnosis will provide the framework for identifying important nursing interventions for dealing with the patient’s reaction to the disorder
A nursing student new to psychiatric-mental health nursing asks a peer what resources he can use to figure out which symptoms are present in a specific psychiatric disorder. The best answer would be:
DSM
