Chapter 1 - Mental Health

Question 1

Define Mental Health

Answer 1

According to WHO:

Able to recognize own potential
Cope with normal stress
Work productively
Make contributions to community

Question 2

Traits of Mental Health

Answer 2

Capacity for…
Rational thinking
Communication skills
Learning
Emotional growth
Resilience
Self-esteem

Question 3

Define Mental Illness

Answer 3

Psychiatric disorders with definable diagnoses
Significant dysfunction in mental functioning related to
Developmental
Biological
Physiological disturbances
Culturally defined

***Society’s definition of mental illness evolves over time. It is a definition shaped by the prevailing culture and societal values, and it reflects changes in cultural norms, social expectations, political climates, and even reimbursement criteria by third-party payers.

Question 4

Mental Health versus Mental Illness

Answer 4

A real middle ground exists: Stress and discomfort from everyday life

Conceptualized as points along a mental health continuum

**Experiences that affect self actualization

Question 5

Resilience

Answer 5

Ability and capacity to secure resources needed to support well-being

Essential to recovery

Question 6

What is Resilience characterized by?

Answer 6

Characterized by
Ability to secure needed resources
Capacity for regulating one’s own emotions and overcoming negative, self-defeating thoughts

Question 7

Origins of mental illness include:

Answer 7

First thought to be possessions by demons,

then “germ theory” (caused by “catching” a specific agent in the environment),

then theories evolved, medication development…
eventually the diathesis-stress model.

Question 8

diathesis-stress model

Answer 8

in which diathesis represents biological predisposition and stress represents environmental stress or trauma—is the most accepted explanation for mental illness. This nature-plus-nurture argument asserts that most psychiatric disorders result from a combination of genetic vulnerability and negative environmental stressors

Question 9

Assertion

Answer 9

Most psychiatric disorders result from a combination of genetic vulnerability and negative environmental stressors

Question 10

What year was The Mental Health Parity Act passed?

Answer 10

1996

Question 11

The Mental Health Parity Act

Answer 11

This legislation required insurers that provide mental health coverage to offer annual and lifetime benefits at the same level provided for medical/surgical coverage.

Updated in 2008 to include Addiction… included as part of the ACA

Question 12

The Wellstone-Domenici Parity Act

Answer 12

was enacted in 2008 for group health plans with more than 50 employees. The law required that any plan providing mental health coverage must do so in a manner that is functionally equivalent or on par with coverage of other health conditions.

Question 13

Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act

Answer 13

Coverage for most uninsured Americans through expanded Medicaid eligibility (for very poor)

Created health insurance exchanges to offer more choices

“Insurance mandate” for coverage

Question 14

Epidemiology

Answer 14

is the quantitative study of the distribution of mental disorders in human populations.

Question 15

Incidence

Answer 15

the number of new cases of MH disorders in a healthy population within a given period of time

Question 16

Prevalence

Answer 16

total number of cases, new and existing, in a given population during a given period of time

Question 17

Lifetime risk

Answer 17

risk that one will develop a disease in the course of a lifetime

Question 18

Incidence vs. Prevalence

Answer 18

A disease with a short duration, such as the common cold, tends to have a high incidence (many new cases in a given year), and a low prevalence (not many people suffering from a cold at any given time). Conversely, a chronic disease such as diabetes will have a low incidence because the person will be dropped from the list of new cases after the first year (or whatever time increment is being used).

Question 19

Clinical epidemiology

Answer 19

a broad field that examines health and illness at the population level. Studies use traditional epidemiological methods and are conducted in groups usually defined by the illness or symptoms or by the diagnostic procedures or treatments given for the illness or symp

Question 20

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition (DSM5)

Answer 20

Official medical guidelines of the American Psychiatric Association for diagnosing psychiatric disorders

Based on specific criteria influenced by multiprofessional clinical field trials

is the handbook used by health care professionals in the United States and much of the world as the authoritative guide to the diagnosis of mental disorders.

Question 21

Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing

Answer 21

Promoting mental health through assessment, diagnosis, and treatment of behavioral and mental disorders

Use nursing, psychosocial, neurobiological theories and research

Work with people throughout the life span
Employed in a variety of settings and among varied populations

Question 22

Psychiatric-Mental Health Nurse Education Levels: Basic

Answer 22

Psychiatric mental health registered nurse (PMH-RN)

2 years full-time work, 2000 clinical hours, 30 hours continuing education, followed by certification exam to add “BC” to the RN title (RN-BC)

Question 23

Psychiatric-Mental Health Nurse Education Levels: Advanced

Answer 23

Psychiatric-mental health advanced practice registered nurse (PMH-APRN)

Master of Science (MSN) or Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP)

Question 24

One of Mrs. M’s complaints is about insurance. Which of the following does the Mental Health Parity Act provide?

A. Coverage for most uninsured Americans through expanded Medicaid eligibility
B. Health insurance exchanges
C. “Insurance mandate” for coverage
D. Equal coverage for mental health disorders

Answer 24

ANS: D

This legislation required insurers that provide mental health coverage to offer annual and lifetime benefits at the same level provided for medical/surgical coverage.