Chapter 1: Law: Its purpose and history

Question 1

Democracy

Answer 1

government by the people, who exercise their power directly or indirectly, through elected representatives; a society that emphasizes equality, fairness, and tolerance

Question 2

Law

Answer 2

a rule to govern action; a rule of conduct established by government, for society to follow and obey

Question 3

Lobby

Answer 3

to seek to influence the gov’t to pass laws that would support one’s cause, to benefit the organization the lobbyist represents; most paid by company or institution

Question 4

Plaintiff

Answer 4

in civil law, the party suing

Question 5

Codification

Answer 5

process of assembling a system of law into one statute or a body of statutes (ex. Canada’s Criminal Code, Code of Hammurabi)

Question 6

Retribution

Answer 6

deserved penalty or punishment for a wrong/crime; vengeance; a sentencing objective

Question 7

Restitution

Answer 7

act of making good, restoring (ex. returning sth stolen to owner or compensating in another way); a sentencing objective

Question 8

Equity

Answer 8

ideal, quality, or fact of being fair, just, and impartial

Question 9

Precedent

Answer 9

legal decision that serves as example and authority in subsequent similar cases

Question 10

Citation

Answer 10

reference to a legal case (ex. in law reports, online w/neutral citation)

Question 11

Rule of Law

Answer 11

fundamental principle that society is governed by law that applies equally to all persons and that neither an indiv. or gov’t is above the law

Question 12

Habeas Corpus

Answer 12

document that requires a person be brought to court to determine if he/she is being legally detained; right to this document as protection against unlawful detention; from Latin term meaning “You must have the body,” (there must be grounds for detention)

Question 13

Alternative dispute resolution (ADR)

Answer 13

use of methods such as mediation, negotiation, or arbitration to resolve a dispute without resorting to litigation