Chapter 1 Key Terms Flashcards
communication
the process of generating meaning by sending and receiving verbal and nonverbal symbols and signs that are influenced by multiple contexts
Rhetoric
The art of speaking well and persuasively
Intrapersonal Communication
Communication with oneself using internal vocalization or reflective thinking
Interpersonal Communication
Communication between people whose lives mutually influence one another
Group Communication
Communication among three or more people interacting to achieve a shared goal
Public Communication
A sender-focused form of communication in which one person is typically responsible for conveying information to an audience
Mass Communication
Communication in which messages are transmitted to many people through print or electronic media
Participants
The senders and/or receivers of messages in a communication encounter.
Message
A verbal or nonverbal content being conveyed in a communication encounter
Encoding
The process of turning thoughts into communication
Decoding
The process of turning communication into thoughts
Channel
The sensory route on which a message travels
Transmission Model of Communication
Describes communication as a linear, one-way process in which a sender intentionally transmits a message to a receiver
Noise
Anything that interferes with a message being sent between participants in a communication encounter
Environmental noise
Physical noise present in a communication encounter
Semantic noise
Noise that occurs in the encoding and decoding process when the participants do not understand a symbol
Interaction model
Describes communication as a process in which participants alternate positions as sender and receiver and generate meaning by sending messages and receiving feedback within physical and psychological contexts
Feedback
Messages sent in response to other messages
Physical Context
The environmental factors in a communication encounter
Psychological context
The mental and emotional factors in a communication encounter
Transaction Model of Communication
Describes communication as a process in which communicators generate social realities within social, relational, and cultural contexts
Social Context
The stated rules or unstated norms that guide communication
Relational Context
The previous interpersonal history and type of relationship was e have with a person
Cultural Context
Aspects of identities such as race, gender, nationality, ethnicity, sexual orientation, class, and ability that influence communication
Integrative Learning
An approach that encourages students to reflect on how the content they are learning connects to other classes they have taken or are taking, their professional goals, and their civic responsibilities
Civic Engagement
Working to make a difference in our communities by improving the quality of life of community members; raising awareness about social, cultural, or political issues; or participating in a wide variety of political and nonpolitical processes
Physical Needs
Needs that keep our bodies and minds functioning
Instrumental Needs
Needs that help us get things done in our day-to-day lives and achieve short and long term goals
Compliance-gaining communication
Communication aimed at getting people to do something or act in a particular way
Rational Needs
Needs that help is maintain social bounds and interpersonal relationships
Identity Needs
Needs related to the desire to present ourselves to others and be thought of in particular ways
Phatic Communication
Scripted and routine verbal interactions that are intended to establish social bonds rather than actually exchange meaning
Communication Ethics
The process of negotiation and reflecting on our actions and communication regarding what we believe to be right and wrong
Communication Competence
The knowledge of effective and appropriate communication patterns and the ability to use and adapt that knowledge in various contexts
Unconscious Incompetence
Being unaware of incompetent communication
Conscious Incompetence
Being aware of incompetent communication as it is happening
Conscious Competence
Communicating completely and being aware of it
Unconscious Competence
Communicating completely without straining to do so
Communication Apprehension
Fear or anxiety experienced by a person due to actual or imagined communication with another person or persons
Public Speaking Anxiety
A type of communication apprehension that produces physiological, cognitive, and behavioral reactions in people when faced with a real or imagined presentation
