Chapter 1: Introduction to Physiology

Question 1

Physical and chemical mechanisms that are responsible for the origin of development and progression of life

Answer 1

Physiology

Question 2

Characteristics and mechanisms of the human body that makes it a living being

Answer 2

Human Physiology

Question 3

Integration requires communication and coordination by a vast array of control systems that operate at every level

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Basic living unit

Answer 4

Cell

Question 5

Each type of cell is specifically adapted to perform several functions

Answer 5

False

Question 6

All of the cells have certain basic characteristics that are alike

Answer 6

True

Question 7

Percentage of human body’s fluid

Answer 7

50-70%

Question 8

Most of the fluid inside the cell

Answer 8

Intracellular fluid

Question 9

1/3 outside the cell

Answer 9

Extracellular fluid

Question 10

Transported rapidly in ____ motion throughout the body

Answer 10

circulating

Question 11

All cells live essentially in the same environment

Answer 11

Internal environment

Question 12

Ions in the extracellular fluid

Answer 12

sodium, chloride, bicarbonate, oxygen, co2, amino acids, fatty acids

Question 13

Ions in the intracellular fluid

Answer 13

potassium, magnesium, phosphate

Question 14

Maintenance of nearly constant conditions in the internal environment

Answer 14

Homeostasis

Question 15

Detects the state of the body and its surroundings

Answer 15

Sensory receptor

Question 16

Composed of the brain and the spinal cord. The body performs in response to sensations.

Answer 16

Central nervous system

Question 17

Appropriate signals that are then transmitted to carry out one’s desire.

Answer 17

Motor output

Question 18

It operated at a subconscious level and control many functions of the internal organs.

Answer 18

Autonomic system

Question 19

Secrete chemical substances called HORMONES

Answer 19

Endocrine glands

Question 20

Transported through the extracellular fluid to other parts of the body to help regulate cellular function

Answer 20

Hormones

Question 21

Increases the rates of most chemical reactions in all cells, thus helping to set the tempo of body activity

Answer 21

Thyroid hormone

Question 22

Controls glucose metabolism

Answer 22

Insulin

Question 23

Controls sodium and potassium ions and protein metabolism

Answer 23

Adrenocortical hormones

Question 24

Controls bone calcium and phosphate

Answer 24

Parathyroid hormones