Chapter 1 (Introduction) Flashcards
What are some statistics for work and organizational
45% or people feel stress or brunout
40-50% of students feel extreme stress and intense fatigue (most because of exam pressure)
11% of students have taken study drugs
Define Organizational Behaviour
The study of what people think, feel and do in and around organizations
Explain the employee level of analysis, the team/organisation level of analysis and
- Characteristics of the employees (creativity, personality, strenghts/weaknesses)
- Characteristics of Teams/Organisations
are influenced by leadership, which then results in outcomes (behaviour, efficiency, stress)
What are organisations
groups of people who work COLLECTIVELY towards some shared PURPOSE most important aspects are - collective purpose - structured communication - task coordination - collaboration
What are the 4 biggest current developments for organizations
- Technological Challenges (adapt to things like information technology)
- Emerging employment relationships (work-life balance, telecommuting)
- Globalization
- Diversity (Surface (=observable) + deep level (=personality etc))
What is organizational effectiveness
It is basically the ultimate dependent variable
It is a broad concept about the efficiency of an organization, which is represented by a number of perspectives
What are the 4 perspectives of organizational effectiveness
- Open systems perspective
- Organisational learning perspective
- High performance work practices (HPWP)
- Stakeholder perspective
Explain the open systems perspective in organisational effectivness
"Open" means that it depends and interacts a lot with the external environment Producing input (raw materials, employees) to output (products and money) by organizations (which is influenced by feedback)
What is “organisation-environemt fit” and how do organizations maintain it (3 ways)
The fit is when the input, the processes and output allign with demand and supply of the environment
- adapt to envoriment (change products)
- influence the environment
- Move to a new environment
What 4 aspects are important to have a good transformation process in the open systems perspective
Producing input into output with
- efficiency
- adaptability
- innovativness
- COORDINATION
Explain the learning organisations perspective in organisational effectivness and its 3 aspects
The perspective about how organizations treat and handle their intellectual capital (information) in
- human capital (value of skills and knowledge of employees)
- structural capital (value of information stored in company (docs + files))
- relationship capital (value of customers, supplyers)
what 5 aspects can organisations improve for better learning organization and processes
The effectiveness depends on 1. acquiring 2. storing 3. sharing 4. using 5. unlearning all knowledge
What is the High performance work practices perspective (HPWPP) in organisational effectivness and what are its 4 aspects
It says that the human capital is a lot more effective and valuable when the employee has
- involvement
- autonomy
- competence
- rewards
- -> motivation, recruitment and rewards are very important
What is the Stakeholders perspective in organisational effectivness
Stakeholders are people or groups what are affected by and affect the organizations objectives and actions
Organizations are more effective when they understand, manage and satisfy the stakesholders needs and expectations
–> hard to prioritise everyone, so organizations try to find shared values
this is also influenced by the ORGANISATIONS GOALS, ETHICS and CSR (corprate social responsibility)
What are the 3 uses for studying organizational behaviour
- Comprehend and predict work events
- Adapt your own personal theories about organiztaions
- Influence Organizational events
What is telecommuting
Working from home
it is a form of remote work
it can be good gor productive because of less stress
it can also be bad because of social isolation and less team cohesion
What are pros and cons of workplace diversity
advantages are that there is more different knowledge and skill (especially in globalized services and products)
disadvantages are worse communication, harder to work togehter and less satisfaction
What is evidence based managment
making decisions and actions based on research evidence
What are 4 reasons why leaders apply wrong and untested methods
- they are bombared by tips and reports and cant see which are empirically valid
- Organizational Behaviour research is generic, not on the situaion or organization
- Sources of tips dont profit from research, they invest in more marketing instead
- biases and errors of the human mind
What are the 4 anchors of organizational behaviour
- Systematic research anchor (empirically tested theories used)
- Multidisciplinary anchor (use findings from psychology, sociology, communication science etc…)
- Contingency anchor (dont take findings too general)
- Multiple levels of analysis anchor (think about every topic in individual, team and organisational level)
What are the 3 levels of analysis in the multiple levels of analysis anchor
- Individual
- Team (interpersonal)
- Organisation
- -> every variable can be seen from each of these
What is the triple bottom line philosophy of organizations
When it tries to fulfill 3 aims and areas
- Survive and be profitable in marketplace
- maintain and improve conditions for society
- maintain and improve conditions for physical environment
