Chapter 1: Introduction Flashcards
Define Major trauma.
A clinical syndrome induced by injury that has the potential to cause prolonged disability or death
What is the criteria for Major Trauma? (6 points)
- Serious injury to 2 or more body systems
- Trauma patients with ISS more or equals to 12
- Trauma patients who succumbed to their injuries after admission
- Trauma patients admitted to ICU or high dependency area for >24 hours
- Trauma patients requiring mechanical ventilation
- Trauma patients who require urgent surgery within 24 hours (intracranial, intra-thoracic, intraabd, pelvis or spine)
What is trimodal death distribution?
3 peaks of death that occur among major trauma victims
First phase of trimodal. Define and example.
Immediate: seconds to minutes
Exp:
- brain stem injury
- high spinal cord injury
- laceration to heart or great vessel
2nd phase of trimodal. Define and exp.
Minutes to hours
Example:
- Hemorrhagic shock
- Life threatening injuries
3rd phase of trimodal. Define and example.
Due to complications from injuries
Days to weeks
Exp:
- Multiple organ failure
- Sepsis
- Nosocomial infection
What is biomechanics of injury?
The understanding of mechanism, extent of energy transmission, trajectory of impact and surrounding circumstances that lead to injuries
What is Malaysian Trauma chain of Survival
Strategic concept which delineates flow and core processes for severely injured trauma victim to undergo from point of injury to recovery.
What are the 5 phases of Malaysian Trauma Chain of Survival?
Phase 1: Early activation and Pre-Hospital Trauma care
Phase 2: Trauma life support and Resus
Phase 3: Acute surgical and Interventional care
Phase 4: Intensive and definitive care
Phase 5: Recovery and Rehab