Chapter 1- Intro to the Human Body

Question 1

conformational homeostasis

Answer 1

varies based on the environment, cold blooded organisms

Question 2

true or false: organ systems work alone to maintain homeostasis

Answer 2

false: they work together to maintain homeostasis (ex… the digestive system takes food and breaks it down into nutrients, circulatory system transports nutrients throughout the body.

Question 3

regulatory homeostasis

Answer 3

constant; warm blooded organisms

Question 4

homeostatic mechanisms rebalance

Answer 4

stimulus, receptor, input, control center, output, effector, response

Question 5

negative feedback

Answer 5

opposite of deviation

Question 6

example of negative feedback

Answer 6

glucose regulation
blood pressure

Question 7

positive feedback

Answer 7

same direction as deviation

Question 8

example of positive feedback

Answer 8

platelet and wound healing
contractions during labor

Question 9

order of levels of organization (small - large)

Answer 9

chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, organ system, organism

Question 10

what is the difference between anatomy and physiology

Answer 10

anatomy: structure
physiology: function

Question 11

11 organ systems

Answer 11

urinary system
reproductive system
digestive system
respiratory system
lymphatic system
endocrine system
circulatory/cardiovascular system
nervous system
muscular system
skeletal system
integumentary system

Question 12

what is an anatomical position

Answer 12

feet shoulder width apart, palms up. arms at side

Question 13

what are the 2 major divisions of the body

Answer 13

axial and appendicular

Question 14

what is included in the axial divisions

Answer 14

head, neck, and trunk

Question 15

what is included in appendicular divisions

Answer 15

arms and legs

Question 16

superior

Answer 16

above

Question 17

inferior

Answer 17

below

Question 18

ventral/anterior

Answer 18

front

Question 19

dorsal/posterior

Answer 19

back

Question 20

medial

Answer 20

towards midline

Question 21

lateral

Answer 21

away from midline

Question 22

distal

Answer 22

away from the attachment point

Question 23

proximal

Answer 23

near the attachment point

Question 24

superficial

Answer 24

towards body surface

Question 25

deep

Answer 25

away from body surface

Question 26

what does proximal and distal delineate the body into

Answer 26

distance from the limb attachment to body or origin of the body

Question 27

what does superior and inferior delineate the body into

Answer 27

top and bottom

Question 28

what does ventral (anterior) and dorsal (posterior) delineate the body into

Answer 28

front and back

Question 29

what does medial, lateral, and intermediate delineate body into

Answer 29

compares distance from midline

Question 30

intermediate

Answer 30

somewhere in between

Question 31

what does superficial (external) and deep (internal) delineate the body into

Answer 31

toward or away from the body surface

Question 32

what does the midsagittal divide the body into

Answer 32

left and right b

Question 33

what does the frontal plane divide the body into

Answer 33

anterior and posterior

Question 34

what does the transverse plane divide the body into

Answer 34

superior and inferior

Question 35

true or false: images such as x-rays, ct's, and mri's are taken using one of the three body planes

Answer 35

true

Question 36

what is the function of the body cavities and membranes

Answer 36

primarily protection while permitting changes in the size and shape of organs.

Question 37

name the 7 body cavities

Answer 37

dorsal, ventral, cranial, thoracic, abdominal, and pelvic.

Question 38

how many regions does the abdominal cavity have

Answer 38

9

Question 39

what does cardi- mean

Answer 39

heart

Question 40

what does hypo- mean

Answer 40

below

Question 41

what does chondro- mean

Answer 41

cartilage

Question 42

what does gastric- mean

Answer 42

stomach

Question 43

what does hyper- mean

Answer 43

above

Question 44

what are the 4 quadrants of the abdominal cavity

Answer 44

right upper, right lower, left upper, left lower

Question 45

what are the serous membranes

Answer 45

continuous membrane that lines the inside of the body cavities and the outside of the internal organs.

Question 46

what are the serous fluid

Answer 46

lubricating fluid that reduces friction and provides cushion to the organs.

Question 47

what does the parietal serosa line in the body

Answer 47

lines the inside of the body cavity wall.

Question 48

what does visceral serosa line in the body

Answer 48

lines the outside of organs.

Question 49

what are some of the other smaller cavities that are exposed to the environment

Answer 49

oral and digestive, nasal, orbital, middle ear.

Question 50

what small cavities isn't exposed to the environment

Answer 50

synovial cavities (joint cavities)