Chapter 1 - Intro to A&P Flashcards
Posterior
back of body
Anterior
front part of body
superior
body part is located above another part
Inferior
Below another part of body
Medial
body part is nearer than another to imaginary midline of the body.
Lateral
father away from midline
Proximal
a body part closer to the trunk of body
Distal
body part farther away from trunk
Superficial (External)
closer to surface of body
Deep
Located away from surface
Central
body part is located near center of body
Peripheral
Located away from center of body
Ipsilateral
a body part is on the same side of the body as another body part. Ex. Right hand and right foot.
Contralateral
body part on opposite side as another body part (left hand and right foot)
Axial portion
head, torso, neck, etc.
Appendicular portion
limbs, upper and lower
Sagittal plane
divides body left and right
Frontal plane
divides body front and back
Transverse plane
Divides body from top and bottom
Vertebral canal
contains the spinal cord
Meninges
membranous layers that usually surround an organ or cavity
Serous membranes
line the abdominopelvic cavity and thoracic cavity
Serum
Fluid that remains if all the clotting proteins are removed from blood
Serous fluid
reduces friction between membranes and the body wall
Visceral Peritoneum and Parietal Peritoneum
V - covers organs in abdominal cavity P - covers cavity itself
Integumentary System
skin, nails, hair and sweat
Endocrine system
hormonal glands - serves as a messenger between body parts. Proper functioning of reproductive systems of both male and female
Lymphatic system
protects body from disease
Negative feedback
primary homeostatic mechanism that tries to calm a situation down
Positive feedback
Continue to keep a situation going - can be dangerous
Disease
when homeostasis fails and body no longer functions properly
Local Disease
In one specific part of the body
Systemic disease
effects the entire body
acute disease
occur suddenly and last a long time - can be sever
Chronic disease
tends to be less severe, develop slowly, and are long term.
