Chapter 1: Intro

Question 1

The engineering of biological organisms to benefit mankind

Answer 1

Biotechnology

Question 2

[year]
Edward Jenner successfully test smallpox vaccine

Answer 2

1796

Question 3

[year]
James watson and francis Crick discover DNA structure

Answer 3

1953

Question 4

[year]
Gregor Mendel publishes research which serves as foundation for genetics

Answer 4

1865

Question 5

(year)
Egyptians baked leavened bread with yeast

Answer 5

4000 BC

Question 6

(year)
Earliest known beer is produced by fermentation in China

Answer 6

7000 BC

Question 7

(year)
Various cultures produce cheese and yogurt with lactic acid- producing bacteria

Answer 7

6000 BC

Question 8

(year)
Antonie van Leeuwenhoek discovers bacteria and other microorganisms

Answer 8

1674

Question 9

selecting plants and animals with desirable characteristics, humans are choosing organisms with useful genes and taking advantage of their genetic potential for human benefit

Answer 9

model organisms

Question 10

Substances produced by microorganisms that will inhibit the growth of other microorganisms

Answer 10

Antibiotics

Question 11

On 1928, Alexander Fleming discovered that the mold_____ inhibited the growth of a bacterium called
_______\

Answer 11

• penicillum
• staphylococcus aureus

Question 12

a biotechnology application to improve production of crops and livestock used for food purposes.

Answer 12

Selective breeding

Question 13

Selecting plants and animals with desirable characteristics, humans are choosing organisms with useful genes and taking advantage of their genetic potential for human benefit.

Answer 13

Model organisms

Question 14

Organisms with desirable
features are purposely mated to produce offspring with
the same characteristics.
desirable

Answer 14

selective breeding

Question 15

Important for drug testing and in vivo studies of stem cells and cancer

Answer 15

model organisms

Question 16

Scientists can grow bacteria and other cells in large amounts and harvest useful products in large batches—were developed to isolate commercially important molecules from microorganisms.

Answer 16

Batch Processes

Question 17

the ability to identify and reproduce a gene of interest

Answer 17

Gene cloning

Question 18

Manipulating the DNA of an organism.

Answer 18

Genetic Engineering

Question 19

Used to produce many proteins of medical importance, including insulin, human growth hormone, and blood- clotting factors.

Answer 19

Recombinant DNA technology

Question 20

A primary goal to identify all genes—the genome — contained in the DNA of human cells and to map their locations to each of the 24 human chromosomes.

Answer 20

Human Genome Project

Question 21

To combine DNA from different sources.

Answer 21

Recombinant DNA Technology

Question 22

creating drugs for the treatment of human health conditions

Answer 22

Pharmaceutical Production

Question 23

(year) and (company)
is the world’s first biotech company, received approval for recombinant insulin, used for the treatment of diabetes, as the first biotechnology product for human benefit

Answer 23

1982, Genentech

Question 24

Cells are grown in dishes or flasks within liquid culture media designed to provide the nutrients necessary for cell growth.

Answer 24

Cell Culture

Question 25

used to mass produce cells containing the DNA of interest.

Answer 25

Bioreactors

Question 26

To treat and cure human disease conditions

Answer 26

Gene Therapy