Chapter 1 In-Class Quiz Flashcards
The human brain contains approximately—– —— individual neurons.
100 billion
A motor neuron ——- while a sensory neuron ——-
Receives excitation from other neurons; is specialized at one end to be highly sensitive
The structures at the end of axons are the
Presynaptic buttons
What structure is composed of two layers of fat molecules that are free to flow around one another?
membrane
Santiago Ramon y Cajal demonstrated that
Neurons are separate from one another
The tree-like branches of a neuron that receive information from other neurons are called ——–.
Dendrites
Glial cells ——-.
are smaller but more numerous than neurons in the human brain
What type of glia helps to synchronize the activity of axons?
Astrocytes
What leads to Korsakoff’s syndrome?
Thiamine deficiency due to chronic alcoholism
The resting potential is mainly the result of
Negatively charged proteins inside the cell
When a neuron’s membrane is at rest, the concentration gradient tends to move sodium —– the cell and the electrical gradient tends to move it —— the cell.
Into;Into
When a neuron’s membrane is at rest, the concentration gradient tends to move potassium ——- the cell and the electrical gradient tends to move it ——- the cell.
Out of; into
Water, Oxygen. and ——— most freely flow across a cell membrane.
Carbon dioxide
The concentration gradient refers to the ——–.
difference in distribution for various ions between the inside and outside of the membrane
The primary feature of a neuron that prevents the action potential from traveling back from where it just passed is the ————–.
refractory period
