Chapter 1 Grammar Flashcards

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1
Q

Uses of the nominative case

A
  • used for the subject of a sentence

- used for the predicate nominative

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2
Q

Uses of the dative case

A
  • used to express the person or things interested in or affected by the action of a verb
  • usually corresponds to a translation using the English prepositions “(with reference) to” or “for;” those notions are included in the dative itself in Latin
  • includes the subsets “dative of reference” and “dative of indirect object”
  • appears most often with verbs of giving, showing, and telling
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3
Q

Uses of the genitive case

A
  • used to qualify or limit another noun, including through the specific usage as a “genitive of possession”
  • usually corresponds to a translation using the English preposition “of”
  • does not require a preposition in Latin because it contains the idea of “of” within it
  • the genitive singular is used to identify the declension of a noun, and it is also the form from which the stem of a noun is derived
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4
Q

Use of the accusative case

A
  • used for the direct object (“accusative, direct object”)

- used following certain prepositions that express motion toward, into, around, and through

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5
Q

Uses of the ablative case

A
  • used to express separation; in this usage, corresponds to a translation using “from”
  • used to express association or instrument; in this usage, corresponds to a translation using “with” or “by” (includes the “ablative of accompaniment” and the “ablative of means/instrument”)
  • used to express location; in this usage, corresponds to a translation using “in,” “on,” or “at”
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6
Q

Use of vocative case

A

-used for direct address

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7
Q

The five declensions (classified by genitive singular endings)

A
1st declension:  -ae
2nd declension:  -ī
3rd declension:  -is
4th declension: ūs
5th declension: eī/ēī
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