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Pesticide Dispenser > Chapter 1 : General Information > Flashcards

Chapter 1 : General Information Flashcards

Vendor/ Dispenser Information

1
Q

Correct Pesticide Use:

A

-aid in the production of safe food
-help prevent the spread of pests
-sanitize areas
-protect natural habitat and recreational areas
-control pests that transmit disease

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2
Q

Pesticide misuse can:

A
  • Harm people
  • Contaminate water, food, feed and soil
  • destroy plants
  • harm the applicator
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3
Q

Proper pesticide handling:

A

Protects employees from pesticide hazards, environment from contaminations and the public from exposure to pesticides

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4
Q

What is a pest?

A

a living organism that causes damage, injury or is a nuisance. Weeds, insects, fungi, bacteria, viruses and rodents and other plant and animals may all be pests in different situations.

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5
Q

What is a pesticide?

A

A product or material used to prevent, destroy, repel or manage a pest.

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6
Q

What other products are regulated under the pest control products act?

A

attractants - attracts pests, often to a trap
protectants - prevent injury by the pest
growth regulators - products which alter growth and development
sterilants - prevent normal reproduction and multiplications of the pest
plant defoliants
plant desiccants

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7
Q

What is a formulation?

A

a mixture of active ingredients and formulants

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8
Q

What can a formulant consist of?

A

the active ingredient that controls the target pest
a solvent or mineral clay to dilute the active ingredient
surface active ingredient such as stickers and spreaders
stabilizers, dyes and chemicals that improve or enhance pesticide activity

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9
Q

What is an Active Ingredient? (AI)

A

is a part of a pesticide formulation that produces the desired effects. Can contain more than one ingredient. It controls the pest by: killing the pest, reducing the number of pests, keeping the pest from returning to do damage.

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10
Q

Formulant is what?

A

any component of a pest control product that is added to the product and that is not an active ingredient. Added to active ingredients to make them more suitable for storage; handling or application.

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11
Q

3 Ways to naming pesticides?

A

Product name
Common name
chemical name

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12
Q

Product name

A

given to formulated pesticide products by their manufacturers. These are on the pesticide label. Also sometimes called the trade name

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13
Q

Common Name

A

Refers to the active ingredient. On the label beside or under the word Guarantee b/c there can be more than one AI in the pesticide product. There can be more than one common name on the label

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14
Q

Chemical Name

A

Chemical structure of the active ingredient. Does not appear on the label but will be on the safety data sheet

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15
Q

Grouping Pesticides

A

Commonly classified by the target pest, how the pesticide works, chemical family.

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16
Q

Grouping by Target pest

A

Grouped by the pest they control. EX: Rodentcide; rodent mice, rates and ground squirrels, cide means kill.

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17
Q

Acaricide is the type, what’s the target?

A

Spiders and mites

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18
Q

Algicide is the type, what’s the target?

A

Algae

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19
Q

Avicide is the type, what’s the target?

A

Birds

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20
Q

Bactericide is the type, what’s the target?

A

Bacteria

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21
Q

Fungicide is the type, what’s the target?

A

Fungi

22
Q

Herbicide is the type, what’s the target?

A

Weeds

23
Q

Insecticide is the type, what’s the target?

A

Insects

24
Q

Miticide is the type, what’s the target?

A

Mites

25
Q

Molluscicides is the type, what’s the target?

A

Slugs and snails

26
Q

nematicides is the type, what’s the target?

A

nematodes and roundworms

27
Q

Piscicide is the type, what’s the target?

A

Fish

28
Q

Rodenticide is the type, What’s the target?

A

Mice and rats

29
Q

What is a contact Pesticide?

A

Contact pesticides control their targets by direct contact.
EX: kills the weeds were the surface area has been covered. Ex: Round up, Pounce.

30
Q

What is a systemic pesticide?

A

controls the target by entering and then moving through the organism.
EX: the herbicide moves within the plant to untreated areas of leaves, stems and roots.
Ex: Everest or Buteo start seed treatment (the insect has to eat the plant to die)

31
Q

How are the groups classified by how pesticides work?

A

Classified by the way they enter the target “Route of entry” or act on the target pest “Mode of action”

32
Q

Grouping by Chemical Family

A

By their chemical structure. Pesticides in the same family are made of similar substances and similar properties. Like poisoning symptoms, how long the pesticide remains in the environment and how it influences the pesticide resistance. Chemicals in the same family require the same first aid, clean up and safety measures.

33
Q

Aerosol is what? What are some advantages and disadvantages?

A

Liquid in a pressurized container. Advantage is it is ready to use, low concentration of active ingredient. Disadvantage is pressurized container may be hazardous, high cost per unit of AI.

34
Q

Dry Flowable is what? What are some advantages and disadvantages?

A

A wettable powder formulated into granules.
A- easy to handle and store, often concentrated, less dusty than wettable powders.
D - requires continuous agitation in the spray tank, requires accurate measurement

35
Q

Dust or Powder is what? What are some advantages and disadvantages?

A

Finely ground, dry, usually low concentration of AI.
A - ready to use, easy to store
D - Dusty, visible residue. Drifts off target

36
Q

Emulsifiable Concentrate (EC) is what? What are some advantages and disadvantages?

A

Oil based formulation with emulsifiers for dilution in water to form a emulsion.
A- High concentration of AI, usually mixes well with agitation, effective on waxy leaf surfaces.
D - often flammable, may be more phytotoxic, may damage rubber sprayer components.

37
Q

Flowable is what? What are some advantages and disadvantages?

A

Finely divided solid particles of active ingredient suspended in liquid.
A- High concentration of AI, easy to handle and store. Not absorbed through skin as rapidly.
D - solid material settles out in containers and spray tank with constant agitation

38
Q

Fumigants is what? What are some advantages and disadvantages?

A

May be prepared as a solid, liquid or gas which are released as gas.
A - highly concentrated, penetrates structures, none selective
D- highly toxic, require the area to be sealed.

39
Q

Granular is what? What are some advantages and disadvantages?

A

AI is impregnated by clay, limestone or corn con grit particles
A- Ready to use, easy to handle and store. Low drift hazard.
D- requires granular application equipment, bulky.

40
Q

Soluble Powder is what? What are some advantages and disadvantages?

A

Soluble AI that is finely ground.
A - High concentration of AI, easy to store and handle.
D - May be dusty, inhalation hazard while mixing

41
Q

Solution is what? What are some advantages and disadvantages?

A

Active ingredient is in a solution, usually water.
A- High concentration of AI, mixes well with little agitation
D - May not be active on leaf surfaces as EC

42
Q

Wettable Powder is what? What are some advantages and disadvantages?

A

Active ingredient is added to a finely divided carrier forms a suspension in water.
A - High concentration of AI, easy to store and handle
D - May be dusty, may be abrasive, requires continuous agitation.

43
Q

What does an adjuvant do?

A

Essential for the efficient application and more effective control. May be apart of the pesticide formulation or added. Adjuvants are registered for specific uses with certain pest control products.

44
Q

Surfactant is a type of Adjuvant, what is it?

A

(Surface active agents) facilitate wetting, spreading ( on leaf surface), penetrating the leaf surface (waxy leaves), dispersing, solubilizing and emulsifying to bring about enhanced pesticide action

45
Q

Plant Nutrients is a type of Adjuvant, what is it?

A

fertilizers may enhance herbicidal activity for certain weeds.

46
Q

Stickers and Spreaders is a type of Adjuvant, what is it?

A

used to cause spray droplets to adhere and/or spread on foliage. They generally do not affect the activity on the product. Mainly used with wettable powder formulations of fungicides and insecticides.

47
Q

Drift reduction agents is a type of Adjuvant, what is it?

A

thicken or increase the viscosity of the spray mixture thereby reducing the number of very small droplets

48
Q

Utility modifiers is a type of Adjuvant, what is it?

A

used to facilitate mixing and application procedures and includes: antifoam agents, compatiablity agents (help tank mixes blend uniformly), Buffering agents (increase the solubility of pesticides in water), Suspension agents (enhance the ability of wettable powders to stay suspended longer in spray solution), Tank cleaners (removing traces of products from spray equipment)

49
Q

Tank Mixes

A

Advise applicators to make sure that they:
Use an adjuvant only when directed on label. Apply at recommended growth stage. Follow directions on the label (buffer zones, restricted entry, pre harvest intervals) Don’t mix pesticides if label says not too.

50
Q

What is Compatibility?

A

pesticides that can be mixed together to control a wider range of pests in a single application. Not all pesticides are compatible.

51
Q

What can happen if a pesticide is not compatible?

A

Loss of effectiveness, injury to treated plants or animals. Settling out solids creating a non sprayable mixture. Undesirable hazardous chemical reactions.

Pesticide Dispenser (6 decks)

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