Chapter 1 EMS Systems: Vital Vocabulary Flashcards
Time parameters that are set during a research project.
alternative time sampling
The method of not giving the specifics of a project to the people participating in a research or study.
blinding
A type of research in which a single case is investigated and documented over a period of time.
case study
A process in which a person, an institution, or a program is evaluated and recognized as meeting certain predetermined standards to provide safe and ethical care.
certification
A type of research that examines patterns of change, a sequence of events, or trends over time within a certain population of study subjects.
cohort research
An organization that develops continuing education standards for prehospital providers; formerly called the Continuing Education Coordinating Board for Emergency Medical Service (CECBEMS).
Commission on Accreditation for Pre-Hospital Continuing Education (CAPCE)
A system of internal and external reviews and audits of all aspects of an EMS system.
continuous quality improvement (CQI)
A type of research in which subjects are manually assigned to a specific person or crew, rather than being randomly assigned; the least-preferred component of research.
convenience sampling
A data collection method in which all data at one point in time is collected, essentially serving as a “snapshot” of events and information.
cross-sectional design
A research format in which an observation of an event is made, but without attempts to alter or change it.
descriptive
A health care system designed to bring immediate on-scene care to those in need along with transport to a definitive medical care facility.
emergency medical services (EMS)
A behavior expected by a person or group following a set of rules.
ethical
The use of practices that have been proven to be effective in improving patient outcomes.
evidence-based practice
A person who follows specific professional attributes that are outlined in this profession.
health care professional
A research format that uses a hypothesis to prove one finding from another.
inferential
A group or institution that follows a set of requirements that were devised by the US Public Health Service
institutional review board (IRB)
The process whereby a state allows qualified people to perform a regulated act.
licensure
A form of research in which the existing literature is reviewed, and the researcher analyzes the collection of research to draw a conclusion.
literature review
A data collection method in which information is collected at various set time interval, and not just at one time.
longitudinal design
Direction given to an EMS system or provider by a physician.
medical direction
An early title given to an ambulance-style unit
mobile intensive care units (MICUs)
Medical direction given through a set of protocols, policies, and/ or standards.
off-line (indirect) medical control
Medical direction given in real time to an EMS service or provider.
online (direct) medical control
Outlined measures that may be difficult to obtain in a research project.
parameters
The process used by medical magazines, journals, and other publications to ensure the quality and validity of an article before it is published, and which involves sending the article to subject matter exerts for review of the content and research methods.
peer review
A specialized set of knowledge, skills, and/ or expertise.
profession
A type of research that gathers information as events occur in real time
prospective research
A treatment plan developed for a specific illness or injury.
protocol
A type of descriptive statistic in research that does not use numeric information.
qualitative
The responsibility of the medical director to ensure the appropriate medical care standards are met by EMS personnel on each call.
quality control
A type of measurement in research that uses a mean, median, and mode.
quantitative
The process of granting licensure or certification to a provider from another state or agency.
reciprocity
Providing information to an entity that stores it in some form of record book. In the context of EMS, records of your education, state or local licensure, and recertification are held by a recognized board.
registration
The specific questions that a study aims to answer, and the precise methods in which the data will be gathered.
research agenda
A group of agencies working together to study a particular topic.
research consortium
The area (clinical, basic science, systems, or education) that will be impacted by a study.
research domain
Research performed from current available information.
retrospective research
In an EMS organization, a system of beliefs and practices that: (1) acknowledge that organizations engage in high-risk activities, (2) determine the importance of consistent safe operations to counteract these activities, (3) support a blame-free environment where errors can be reported without fear of punishment, and (4) maintain organizational commitment to address reported errors and safety concerns.
safety culture
Expected errors that occur in the sampling phase of research.
sampling errors
A measure of the range of scores in a set of data relative to the mean score.
standard deviation
A type of protocol that is a written document signed by the EMS system’s medical director that outlines specific directions, permissions, and sometimes prohibitions regarding patient care that is rendered prior to contacting medical control.
standing order
A computer-generated list of subjects or groups for research.
systematic sampling
The collaboration of prehospital an in-hospital medicine that focuses on optimizing the use of resources and assets of each with a primary goal of reducing the mortality and morbidity of trauma patients.
trauma systems
A type of study in which the subjects are advised of all aspects of the study.
unblinded study
