Chapter 1: Early Indian Nationalism

Question 1

When and where was Gandhi born?

Answer 1

1869, in the state of Gujarat, India

Question 2

Why did Gandhi sail to England in 1888?

Answer 2

So that he could study law

Question 3

In South Africa, what did Gandhi gain experience in?

Answer 3

Working with a wide range of Indians from all castes and religions, learned to cooperate with and confront individuals in authority and began to experiment with a wide range of protest techniques.

Question 4

Which of the main Congress leaders did he have a relationship with when returning to India?

Answer 4

Gopal Krishna Gokhale

Question 5

What does ‘satyagraha’ mean?

Answer 5

A term coined by Gandhi meaning own inner truth and it was applied to encourage non-cooperation with British forces

Question 6

When did Gandhi organise his first protest against anti-Indian laws in South Africa?

Answer 6

1906

Question 7

When did Gandhi return to India?

Answer 7

1914

Question 8

When was the Lucknow Pact?

Answer 8

1916

Question 9

What was the Lucknow Pact?

Answer 9

A pact whereby it was agreed that there should be separate electorates for all communities until and unless they requested a joint one.

Question 10

At a joint meeting of Congress and the Muslim League held in Lucknow, the two organisations reached an agreement over what?

Answer 10

Separate electorates

Question 11

In December 1915, what did Congress and the Muslim League commit themselves to pursuing?

Answer 11

Self government

Question 12

Why did the Muslim League change its stance on the Raj?

Answer 12

They believed that the annulment of the partition of Bengal implied that the British were no longer sympathetic to separate electorates.

Question 13

Who was the spokesperson for the Muslim League?

Answer 13

Muhammad Ali Jinnah

Question 14

How did events in WW1 further anger Indian Muslim?

Answer 14

The declaration of the war against Turkey in November 1914 made muslims angry because of the movement of their Caliph.

Question 15

When were the Home Rule Leagues created?

Answer 15

1916

Question 16

Who were the two leaders involved in the Home Rule Leagues?

Answer 16

Bal Tilak and Annie Besant

Question 17

How many members did Bal Tilak’s Home Rule League gain?

Answer 17

32,000

Question 18

What was home rule simply focused on?

Answer 18

Domestic affairs

Question 19

When did Jinnah join Besant’s All-India Home Rule League?

Answer 19

1917

Question 20

What was the most important impact of the leagues?

Answer 20

They spread political awareness in previously unpoliticised provinces.

Question 21

What was the result of the provincial assemblies being alarmed by the rapid growth of the Home Rule Leagues?

Answer 21

Tilak was arrested for sedition and required to put up 40,000 rupees as surety of good behaviour, Besant was interned in June 1917.