Chapter 1: Early Indian Nationalism Flashcards
Gandhi, Lucknow Pact, Home Rule Leagues
When and where was Gandhi born?
1869, in the state of Gujarat, India
Why did Gandhi sail to England in 1888?
So that he could study law
In South Africa, what did Gandhi gain experience in?
Working with a wide range of Indians from all castes and religions, learned to cooperate with and confront individuals in authority and began to experiment with a wide range of protest techniques.
Which of the main Congress leaders did he have a relationship with when returning to India?
Gopal Krishna Gokhale
What does ‘satyagraha’ mean?
A term coined by Gandhi meaning own inner truth and it was applied to encourage non-cooperation with British forces
When did Gandhi organise his first protest against anti-Indian laws in South Africa?
1906
When did Gandhi return to India?
1914
When was the Lucknow Pact?
1916
What was the Lucknow Pact?
A pact whereby it was agreed that there should be separate electorates for all communities until and unless they requested a joint one.
At a joint meeting of Congress and the Muslim League held in Lucknow, the two organisations reached an agreement over what?
Separate electorates
In December 1915, what did Congress and the Muslim League commit themselves to pursuing?
Self government
Why did the Muslim League change its stance on the Raj?
They believed that the annulment of the partition of Bengal implied that the British were no longer sympathetic to separate electorates.
Who was the spokesperson for the Muslim League?
Muhammad Ali Jinnah
How did events in WW1 further anger Indian Muslim?
The declaration of the war against Turkey in November 1914 made muslims angry because of the movement of their Caliph.
When were the Home Rule Leagues created?
1916
Who were the two leaders involved in the Home Rule Leagues?
Bal Tilak and Annie Besant
How many members did Bal Tilak’s Home Rule League gain?
32,000
What was home rule simply focused on?
Domestic affairs
When did Jinnah join Besant’s All-India Home Rule League?
1917
What was the most important impact of the leagues?
They spread political awareness in previously unpoliticised provinces.
What was the result of the provincial assemblies being alarmed by the rapid growth of the Home Rule Leagues?
Tilak was arrested for sedition and required to put up 40,000 rupees as surety of good behaviour, Besant was interned in June 1917.
