Chapter 1- Drug Acfions And Body Responses

Question 0

Pertaining to pharmacy or drugs

Answer 0

Pharmaceutics

Question 1

Defined as the science and study of drugs and their actions on loving animals

Answer 1

Pharmacology

Question 2

The study of the action or the effects of drugs on living organisms

Answer 2

Pharmacodynamics

Question 3

Is the study of how the action of and reactions to drugs vary with the patient’s genes

Answer 3

Pharmacogenetics

Question 4

The branch of pharmacology that deals with drugs in their crude or natural state
Ex: fungus, mold, yeast

Answer 4

Pharmacognosy

Question 5

The process and study of how the drug changes; how it is absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and eliminated by the body

Answer 5

Pharmacokinetics

Question 6

The study of the therapeutic used and effects of drugs

Answer 6

Pharmacotherapeutics

Question 7

Any small molecule that changes a body function by working at the chemical and cell levels

Answer 7

Drug

Question 8

Drugs made in the body in the form of hormones, enzymes, growth factors, and substances that change the activities of the cell

Answer 8

Intrinsic drugs

Question 9

Drugs made outside the body to change cell, organ, or body action

Answer 9

Extrinsic drugs

Question 10

(Drug names)

Chemical composition

Answer 10

Chemical name

Question 11

(Drug names)

Shorter, simpler name

Answer 11

Generic name

Question 12

(Drug names)

Created by drug companies

Answer 12

Brand name

Question 13

Drugs that are weaker and have less potential for harmful side effects, can be purchased without a prescription

Answer 13

Over-the counter drugs

Question 14

Greater potential for harm, addiction, and must have a prescription for them

Answer 14

Prescription drugs

Question 15

Increases risk of causing the patient harm. PINCH

Answer 15

High alert drugs

Question 16

Natural products made with plants that cause a response in the body similar to a drug

Answer 16

Herbal products

Question 17

How a drug changes the activity of a cell

Answer 17

Mechanism of action

Question 18

The actual cells or tissues affected by the mechanism of action or intended actions of a drug

Answer 18

Target tissues

Question 19

Places on or in a cell to which a drug can bind and control cell activity

Answer 19

Receptors

Question 20

When an extrinsic drug binds to the receptor of a cell and causes the same response that an intrinsic drug does

Answer 20

Receptor agonists

Question 21

An extrinsic drug that works by blocking the receptor sites

Answer 21

Receptor antagonist

Question 22

Therapeutic response, what you want to happen

Answer 22

Intended action

Question 23

One or more effects on body cells or tissues that are not the intended action or drug therapy

Answer 23

Side effects

Question 24

Harmful side effect that is more severe than expected and has the potential to damage tissue or cause serious health problems. (Black box warning)

Answer 24

Adverse effects

Question 25

The presence of the drug stimulates the release of histamine and other substances that cause inflammatory reactions

Answer 25

Allergic responses

Question 26

The movement of a drug from the outside of the body into the bloodstream

Answer 26

Absorption

Question 27

Drug enters the body through skin or mucous membranes

Answer 27

Percutaneous

Question 28

Drug enters the body through the gastrointestinal tract

Answer 28

Enteral Route

Question 29

Drug is injected into the body

Answer 29

Parenteral Route

Question 30

The percentage of a drug dose that actually reaches the blood

Answer 30

Bioavailability

Question 31

Bioavailability is a measure of all of these things:

Answer 31

How much drug is absorbed How quickly the drug is absorbed How much of the absorbed drugs remains free and available

Question 32

The extent that a drug absorbed into the bloodstream spreads into the 3 body wager compartments

Answer 32

Distribution

Question 33

The area is made up of the spaces in all the arteries, veins, and capillaries

Answer 33

The bloodstream

Question 34

Includes both the blood volume and the watery spaces between all body cells

Answer 34

Interstitial space

Question 35

The largest, including the blood volume, the watery spaces between the cells, and the space inside the cells

Answer 35

Intracellular space

Question 36

A chemic reaction on the body that changes the chemical shape and content of the drug. Sometimes metabolism inactivates the drug and sometimes it activates the drug in order for the body to use

Answer 36

Metabolism

Question 37

The inactivation or removal of the drug from the body. Drugs metabolized by the lover are sent to either the intestinal tract or the blood and then to the kidney for elimination

Answer 37

Elimination

Question 38

The time span needed for one half of the individual drug dose given to be eliminated. Ex: a narcotic has a half life of 4 hrs. You give 25mg in 4 hrs 12.5mg has been eliminated

Answer 38

Half-life

Question 39

Often prescribed when a drug has a long half life. A larger first dose is given to get the blood level up to the MEC (minimum effective concentration)

Answer 39

Loading dose

Question 40

Peak is the max blood drug level (like the top of the mountain) the trough is the lowest of minimal blood drug level, (like the bottom on the mountain)

Answer 40

Peaks and troughs

Question 41

1 kilogram equals how many pounds?

Answer 41

2.2lbs

Question 42

High alert drugs with the term PINCH stands for:

Answer 42

``` P- potassium I- insulin N- narcotics C- cancer chemo H- heparin ```