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Nursing > Chapter 1- Drug Acfions And Body Responses > Flashcards

Chapter 1- Drug Acfions And Body Responses Flashcards

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0
Q

Pertaining to pharmacy or drugs

A

Pharmaceutics

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1
Q

Defined as the science and study of drugs and their actions on loving animals

A

Pharmacology

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2
Q

The study of the action or the effects of drugs on living organisms

A

Pharmacodynamics

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3
Q

Is the study of how the action of and reactions to drugs vary with the patient’s genes

A

Pharmacogenetics

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4
Q

The branch of pharmacology that deals with drugs in their crude or natural state
Ex: fungus, mold, yeast

A

Pharmacognosy

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5
Q

The process and study of how the drug changes; how it is absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and eliminated by the body

A

Pharmacokinetics

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6
Q

The study of the therapeutic used and effects of drugs

A

Pharmacotherapeutics

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7
Q

Any small molecule that changes a body function by working at the chemical and cell levels

A

Drug

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8
Q

Drugs made in the body in the form of hormones, enzymes, growth factors, and substances that change the activities of the cell

A

Intrinsic drugs

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9
Q

Drugs made outside the body to change cell, organ, or body action

A

Extrinsic drugs

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10
Q

(Drug names)

Chemical composition

A

Chemical name

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11
Q

(Drug names)

Shorter, simpler name

A

Generic name

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12
Q

(Drug names)

Created by drug companies

A

Brand name

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13
Q

Drugs that are weaker and have less potential for harmful side effects, can be purchased without a prescription

A

Over-the counter drugs

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14
Q

Greater potential for harm, addiction, and must have a prescription for them

A

Prescription drugs

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15
Q

Increases risk of causing the patient harm. PINCH

A

High alert drugs

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16
Q

Natural products made with plants that cause a response in the body similar to a drug

A

Herbal products

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17
Q

How a drug changes the activity of a cell

A

Mechanism of action

18
Q

The actual cells or tissues affected by the mechanism of action or intended actions of a drug

A

Target tissues

19
Q

Places on or in a cell to which a drug can bind and control cell activity

A

Receptors

20
Q

When an extrinsic drug binds to the receptor of a cell and causes the same response that an intrinsic drug does

A

Receptor agonists

21
Q

An extrinsic drug that works by blocking the receptor sites

A

Receptor antagonist

22
Q

Therapeutic response, what you want to happen

A

Intended action

23
Q

One or more effects on body cells or tissues that are not the intended action or drug therapy

A

Side effects

24
Q

Harmful side effect that is more severe than expected and has the potential to damage tissue or cause serious health problems. (Black box warning)

A

Adverse effects

25
Q

The presence of the drug stimulates the release of histamine and other substances that cause inflammatory reactions

A

Allergic responses

26
Q

The movement of a drug from the outside of the body into the bloodstream

A

Absorption

27
Q

Drug enters the body through skin or mucous membranes

A

Percutaneous

28
Q

Drug enters the body through the gastrointestinal tract

A

Enteral Route

29
Q

Drug is injected into the body

A

Parenteral Route

30
Q

The percentage of a drug dose that actually reaches the blood

A

Bioavailability

31
Q

Bioavailability is a measure of all of these things:

A

How much drug is absorbed
How quickly the drug is absorbed
How much of the absorbed drugs remains free and available

32
Q

The extent that a drug absorbed into the bloodstream spreads into the 3 body wager compartments

A

Distribution

33
Q

The area is made up of the spaces in all the arteries, veins, and capillaries

A

The bloodstream

34
Q

Includes both the blood volume and the watery spaces between all body cells

A

Interstitial space

35
Q

The largest, including the blood volume, the watery spaces between the cells, and the space inside the cells

A

Intracellular space

36
Q

A chemic reaction on the body that changes the chemical shape and content of the drug. Sometimes metabolism inactivates the drug and sometimes it activates the drug in order for the body to use

A

Metabolism

37
Q

The inactivation or removal of the drug from the body. Drugs metabolized by the lover are sent to either the intestinal tract or the blood and then to the kidney for elimination

A

Elimination

38
Q

The time span needed for one half of the individual drug dose given to be eliminated.
Ex: a narcotic has a half life of 4 hrs. You give 25mg in 4 hrs 12.5mg has been eliminated

A

Half-life

39
Q

Often prescribed when a drug has a long half life. A larger first dose is given to get the blood level up to the MEC (minimum effective concentration)

A

Loading dose

40
Q

Peak is the max blood drug level (like the top of the mountain) the trough is the lowest of minimal blood drug level, (like the bottom on the mountain)

A

Peaks and troughs

41
Q

1 kilogram equals how many pounds?

A

2.2lbs

42
Q

High alert drugs with the term PINCH stands for:

A 
P- potassium
I- insulin
N- narcotics 
C- cancer chemo
H- heparin

Nursing (10 decks)

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