Chapter 1- Development Flashcards
What is development?
A term that measures how advanced a country is compared to others
What is life expectancy?
The average number of years a person born in a particular country might be expected to live
What is birth rate?
The number of babies born per 1000 people per year
What is death rate?
The number of people who die per 1000 people per year
What is population density?
The number of people living within a certain area (square km)
What is literacy rate?
The percentage of population that can read or write
What is infant mortality rate?
The average number of deaths of children under 1 year of age per 1000 live births
What is unemployment rate ?
The percentage of people who don’t have jobs
What is urban population?
The percentage of the population who live in towns and cities
What is GDP? (Gross domestic product)
The total value of goods and services produced by a country in a year, divided by the population (GDP per capita)
What is HDI? (Human development index)
Measurements of a countries gross national income per capita e.g life expectancy and other different indicators to get an overall average
What are the causes of global inequality?
Historical causes- colonialism
Social causes- education and health
Economic and political- government system and international relations
Environmental- climate
State rostows modernisation theory
The traditional society (farming & agriculture) => preconditions for take-off (production & railways) => take off ( industrialisation & political change ) =>the drive to maturity (imports & investments ) =>high mass consumption
The problems of rostows theory
- assumes all countries start off at the same level of development
- doesn’t consider the quality/quantity of the countries resources, population, climate hazards
- out of date (based on 18th and 19th European development)
- doesn’t consider colonisation
State Franks dependency theory
Idea that developing countries can’t develop because they are dependent on the developed countries.
These developed countries have the power to exploit the less developed countries