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Java Programming > Chapter 1 Definitions > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Definitions Flashcards

1
Q

Computer program

A

A set of instructions that you write to tell a computer what to do.

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2
Q

Hardware

A

General term for computer equipment

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3
Q

Software

A

General term for computer programs

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4
Q

Application Software

A

Performs tasks for users

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5
Q

System Software

A

Manages the computer software

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6
Q

Logic

A

Executing the various statements and procedures in the correct order to produce the desired results

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7
Q

Machine language

A

The circuitry- level language that represents a series of on and off switches

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8
Q

Low-level programming language

A

Written to correspond closely to a computer processor’s circuitry

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9
Q

High-level programming language

A

Allows you to use English-like vocabulary to write programs

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10
Q

Syntax

A

Refers to the rules that define the ways language elements are used together correctly to create usable statements

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11
Q

Keywords

A

The words that are a part of a programming language

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12
Q

Program statements

A

Similar to English sentences, Carry out the tasks that programs perform

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13
Q

Commands

A

Program Statements

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14
Q

Compiler

A

A program that translates language statements into machine code; it translates an entire program at once before any part of the program can execute

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15
Q

Interpreter

A

Is a program that translates language statements into machine code; it translates one statement at a time, allowing a program to execute partially

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16
Q

Executing a statement or program

A

To carry it out

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17
Q

At run time

A

A phrase that describes the period of time during which a program executes

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18
Q

Syntax error

A

A programming error that occurs when you introduce typing errors into your program or use the programming language incorrectly; a program containing syntax errors cannot be translated into an executable program

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19
Q

Debugging a program

A

The process that frees it of all errors

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20
Q

A bug

A

A flaw or mistake in a computer program

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21
Q

Logic error

A

Programming bug that allows a source program to be translated to an executable program successfully, but that produces incorrect results

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22
Q

Semantics error

A

Occurs when you use a correct word in the wrong context in program code

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23
Q

Procedural programming

A

Is a style of programming in which sets of operations are executed

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24
Q

Variables

A

Named computer memory locations that hold values that might vary

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25
Q

Procedures

A

Sets of operations performed by a computer program

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26
Q

Call a procedure

A

To temporarily abandon the current logic so that the procedure’s commands can execute

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27
Q

Writing Object-oriented programs

A

Includes creating classes, creating objects from those classes, and creating applications that use those objects

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28
Q

Computer simulations

A

Are programs that attempt to mimic real-world activities so that their processes can be improved or so that users can better understand how the real-world processes operate

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29
Q

Graphical user interfaces (GUI)

A

(“Gooeys”) Allow users to interact with a program in a graphical environment

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30
Q

A class

A

A group or collection of objects with common properties

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31
Q

A class definition

A

Describes what attributes its objects will have and what those objects will be able to do

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32
Q

Attributes

A

Characteristics that define an object as part of a class

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33
Q

Properties

A

Attributes of a class

34
Q

Objects

A

An instance of a class

35
Q

Instance of a class

A

object

36
Q

Instantiation

A

The process of creating an object

37
Q

State of an object

A

The set of values for its attributes

38
Q

Method

A

Self- contained block of program code, similar to a procedure

39
Q

Encapsulation

A

Refers to the enclosure of data and methods within an object

40
Q

Inheritance

A

Is the ability to create classes that share the attributes and methods of existing classes, but with more specific features

41
Q

Polymorphism

A

Describes the feature of languages that allows the same word to be interpreted correctly in different situations based on the context

42
Q

Java

A

Object-oriented language used both for general-purpose business applications and for interactive , World Wide Web-based Internet applications

43
Q

Architecturally neutral

A

Describes the feature of java that allows you to write programs that run on any platform (operating system)

44
Q

Java Virtual Machine (JVM)

A

Hypothetical (software -based) computer on which Java runs

45
Q

Source code

A

Consists of programming statements written in a high-level programming language

46
Q

jGRASP

A

Is a developed environment and source code editor

47
Q

Development environment

A

Is a set of tools that help you write programs by providing such features as displaying a language’s keywords in color

48
Q

Bytecode

A

Consists of programming statements that have been compiled into binary formats

49
Q

Java interperter

A

A program that checks bytecode and communicates with the operating system , executing the bytecode instructions line by line within the Java Virtual Machine.

50
Q

Applets

A

Java programs that are embedded in a Web page

51
Q

Java Applications

A

Stand alone Java programs

52
Q

Console applications

A

Support character or text output to a computer screen

53
Q

Windowed applications

A

Create a graphical user interface with elements such as menus, toolbars, and dialog boxes

54
Q

Literal string

A

A series of characters that appear exactly as entered. Any literal string in Java appears between double quotation marks

55
Q

Arguments

A

Information passed to a method so it can perform its task

56
Q

Passing arguments

A

The act of sending arguments to a method

57
Q

Standard output device

A

the monitor

58
Q

Identifier

A

name of a program component such as a class, object, or variable

59
Q

Unicode

A

International system of character representation

60
Q

Pascal casing

A

Naming convention in which identifiers start with an uppercase letter and use an uppercase letter to start each new word

61
Q

Upper camel casing

A

Pascal casing

62
Q

Access specifier

A

Defines the circumstances under which a class can be accessed and the other classes that have a the right to use a class

63
Q

Class body

A

Set of date items and methods between the curly braces that follow the class header

64
Q

Whitespace

A

Any combination of nonprinting characters, such as spaces, tabs and carriage returns(Blank lines)

65
Q

Static

A

Means a method is accessible and usable even though no objects of the class exist

66
Q

void (in a method header)

A

Indicates that the method does not return any value when its called

67
Q

Compile-time error

A

is when the compiler detects a violation of language syntax and is unable to translate the source code to machine code

68
Q

Parsing

A

The process the compiler uses to divide source code into meaningful portions for analysis

69
Q

Clean build

A

Is created when you delete all previously compiled versions of a class before compiling again

70
Q

Run-time error

A

Occurs when a program compiles successfully but does not execute

71
Q

Program comments

A

Non-executing statements that you add to a Java file for the purpose of documentation

72
Q

To comment out a statement

A

To turn into a comment so the compiler will not execute its command

73
Q

Line comments

A

Start with two forward slashes(//) and continue to the end of the current line. Line comments can appear on a line by themselves or at the end of a line following executable code

74
Q

Block comments

A

Start with a forward slash and an asterisk (/) and end with an asterisk and a forward slash(/). Block comments can appear on a line by themselves, on a line before executable code, or on a line after executable code. Block comments also can extend across as many lines as needed

75
Q

Javadoc

A

Comments are block comments that generate documentation . They begin with a forward slash and two asterisks(/**) and end with an asterisk and a forward slash(*/)

76
Q

Documentation comments

A

Comments that automatically generate nicely formatted program documentation

77
Q

Dialog box

A

Is a GUI object resembling a window in which you can place messages you want to display

78
Q

Import statement

A

Accesses a built-in Java class that is contained in a package

79
Q

Package

A

Contains a group of built-in Java class that is contained in a package

80
Q

Java API

A

The application programming interface , a collection of information about how FAQs are frequently asked questions

81
Q

JDK

A

Java Development kit

82
Q

SDK

A

Software development kit or a set of tools useful to programmers

Java Programming (4 decks)

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