Chapter 1: Definitional and Historical considerations and Canada's mental system health

Question 1

What is the Kirby Report?

Answer 1

Senator Michael Kirby released its report The Health of Canadians - The Federal Role.

Question 2

What did the Kirby Report due for mental health?

Answer 2

Transformed Mental Health, mental illness and addiction services in Canada.

Question 3

What were mental disorders believed to be caused by up until this point?

Answer 3

• Events beyond the control of humankind
• Displeasure

Question 4

What is Trepanning?

Answer 4

Surgical opening, it was thought that the demons dwelled within them and drilling a hole in the skull would allow them to leave

Question 5

What is Somatogensis?

Answer 5

The notion that something wrong with the Soma, or physical body , disturbs thought and actions.

Question 6

What is Psychogensis?

Answer 6

is the belief that a disturbance has psychological origins.

Question 7

What are the 3 things Hippocrates did for medicine?

Answer 7

• seperated medicine from religion/magic/superstition
• insisted that illnesses had natural causes thus should be treated like other illnesses.
• Mental health = balance of four humors/fluids

Question 8

What did the Middle Ages bring on in medicine?

Answer 8

social unrest, plagues, turned to demonology to explain the unknown, led to an obsession with the devil. Lots of deaths because of it.

Question 9

What was the development of asylums?

Answer 9

Leprosarium’s become asylums

Question 10

What happened in the desire to help the mentally ill?

Answer 10

led to the confinement of the mentally ill

Question 11

Who was Benjamin Rush (1745- 1813)?

Answer 11

is considered the father of American Psychology

Question 12

What were Rush’s contributions?

Answer 12

• draw great quantities of blood
• could be cured by medicine

Question 13

Who is Phillippe Pinel (1745-1826)?

Answer 13

he believed patients should be treated with dignity
- not beasts, light and airy rooms replaced dungeons, walks around grounds, and patients finally discharged.

Question 14

Who was Dorothea Dix?

Answer 14

Moral treatment was abandoned in the latter part of the 1800s but D.D efforts resurrected it.

Question 15

By the 19th century what returned?

Answer 15

Somatogenic views.

Question 16

What is Kraepelin’s Early classification system?

Answer 16

• Louis Pasteur germ theory of disease
• demonstrative of brain areas
• destructive of brain areas,
• a form of psychopathology
  Canada started doing brainwashing and lobotomies.

Question 17

How long did it take to deinstitutionalize asylums?

Answer 17

40 years in Canada

Question 18

What was the new goal?

Answer 18

shift care from psychiatric hospitals into the community.

Question 19

What was Trans institutionalization?

Answer 19

more care, more mentally ill people in prison then hospitals.

Question 20

What is the current role of Psychiatic hospitals?

Answer 20

“Tertiary” – used as rehab services for people who can’t function by themselves.

Question 21

What is CTO’s?

Answer 21

Community treatment orders - legal tools issued by a medical practitioner that established the conditions under which a mentally ill person may live in the community,

Question 22

What happened if they failed to follow the CTO?

Answer 22

returned to a psychiatric facility for assessment

Question 23

What is abnormal psychology?

Answer 23

Abnormality usually determined by the presence of several characteristics at one time such as:
-statistical infrequency
-violation of norms
-personal distress
-disability or dysfunction
-unexpectedness

Question 24

What is statistical infrequency?

Answer 24

a behavior that occurs rarely or infrequently (giftedness)

Question 25

What is violation of norms?

Answer 25

a behavior that defies or goes against social norms. it either threatens or makes anxious those observing it. (hannibal)

Question 26

What is personal distress?

Answer 26

a behavior that creates personal suffering, distress/torment in the person. (Narcissistic personality disorder)

Question 27

What is a disability or dysfunction?

Answer 27

a behavior that causes impairment in some important area of life (e.g., work)

Question 28

What is unexpectedness?

Answer 28

a surprising or out of proportion response to environmental stressors can be considered abnormal.

Question 29

What are the most important ones?

Answer 29

impairment, personal distress.

Question 30

How many psychiatrists are there in Canada?

Answer 30

3,600

Question 31

What are some of the stereotypes and stigmatizations around mental health?

Answer 31

unpredictable, violent, attention seeking,

Question 32

What is the cost of mental health in Canada?

Answer 32

there is more burden on mental health then there is in all cancers combined
6.6 billion in 2004
14.3 billion in 2010

Question 33

What are the defense mechanisms the unconscious uses as strategies to protect the ego from anxiety?

Answer 33

• repression
• denial
• projection
• displacement
• reaction formulation
• regression
• rationalization
• sublimation

rdpdrrrs

Question 34

What is repression?

Answer 34

pushes unacceptable impulses/thoughts into the unconscious

Question 35

What is denial?

Answer 35

disavowing a traumatic experience and pushing it into the unconscious

Question 36

What is Projection?

Answer 36

attributes to external agents’ characteristics/desires that an individual possesses but cannot accept in his or her conscious awareness.

Question 37

What is displacement?

Answer 37

redirecting emotional responses from a perhaps dangerous object to a substitute.

Question 38

What is reaction formation?

Answer 38

converting one feeling into its opposite.

Question 39

What is regression?

Answer 39

retreating to the behavioral patterns of an earlier age.

Question 40

What is rationalization?

Answer 40

inventing a reason for an unreasonable action or attitude?

Question 41

What is sublimation?

Answer 41

converting sexual/aggressive impulses into socially valued behaviors?