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Information Management - CC4154 > Chapter 1. Database Systems > Flashcards

Chapter 1. Database Systems Flashcards

1
Q

Raw facts; Have yet to be processed

A

Data

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2
Q

Processed raw data; Something that is useful to the user

A

Information

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3
Q

The body of information; Facts about a specific subject

A

Knowledge

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4
Q

Store and manage data that is vast and
varied

A

Database

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5
Q

A shared, integrated computer structure that houses a collection of related data

A

Database

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6
Q

A database contains two types of data:

A
  1. End-user data (raw data)
  2. Metadata
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7
Q

Data about data; which are characteristics and relationships

A

Metadata

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8
Q

A collection of programs that manages the database structure and controls access to the data stored in the database

A

Database Management System (DBMS)

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9
Q

A database resembles a very well-organized electronic filing cabinet in which powerful software (the ____) helps manage the cabinet’s contents.

A

Database Management System (DBMS)

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10
Q

Advantage of a Database management System

A
  • Improved data sharing
  • Improved data security
  • Better data integration
  • Minimized data inconsistency
  • Improved data access
  • Improved decision making
  • Increased end-user productivity
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11
Q

Types of Databases

A
  1. Single-User Database
  2. Desktop Database
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12
Q

A database that supports only one user at a time

A

Single-User Database

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13
Q

A single-user database that runs on a personal computer

A

Desktop Database

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14
Q

A database that supports multiple concurrent users

A

Multiuser Database

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15
Q

A multiuser database that usually supports fewer than 50 users or is used for a specific department in an organization

A

Workgroup Database

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16
Q

The overall company data representation, which provides support for present and expected future needs

A

Enterprise Database

17
Q

A database located at a single site

A

Centralized Database

18
Q

A logically related database that is stored in two or more physically independent sites.

A

Distributed Database

19
Q

A database that is created and maintained using cloud services, such as Microsoft Azure or Amazon AWS.

A

Cloud Database

20
Q

A database that contains a wide variety of data used in multiple disciplines.

A

General-purpose Database

21
Q

A database that contains data focused on specific subject areas.

A

Discipline-specific Database

22
Q

A database designed primarily to support a company’s day-to-day operations.

A

Operational Database

23
Q

Also known as a transactional database, OLTP database, or production database.

A

Operational Database

24
Q

A database focused primarily on storing historical data and business metrics used for tactical or strategic decision making.

A

Analytical Database

25
Q

Types of Data

A
  1. Unstructured Data
  2. Structured Data
26
Q

Data that exists in its original, raw state; that is, in the format in which it was collected.

A

Unstructured Data

27
Q

Data that has been formatted to facilitate storage, use, and information generation.

A

Structured Data

28
Q

It refers to the activities that focus on the design of the database structure that will be used to store and manage end-user data.

A

Database Resign

29
Q

A database that meets all user requirements does not just happen; its structure must be designed carefully

A

Database Resign

30
Q

It exists when the same data is stored unnecessarily at different places.

A

Database Redundancy

31
Q

Types of Data Redundancies

A
  • Poor data security
  • Data inconsistency
  • Data-entry errors
  • Data integrity problems
32
Q

Types of Data Anomalies

A
  • Update Anomaly
  • Insertion Anomaly
  • Deletion Anomaly
33
Q

Occur when the same data is repeated in multiple rows, and changes are made in some but not all instances.

A

Update Anomaly

34
Q

Occur when certain attributes cannot be inserted into the database due to missing additional data.

A

Insertion Anomaly

35
Q

Occurs when you delete a record that may contain attributes that shouldn’t be deleted.

A

Deletion Anomaly

36
Q

Five components of a Database System

A
  • Hardware
  • Software
  • People
  • Procedure
  • Data
37
Q

DBMS Functions

A
  • Data dictionary management
  • Data storage management
  • Data transformation and presentation
  • Security management
  • Multiuser access control
  • Backup and recovery management
  • Data integrity management
  • Database access languages and application programming interfaces
  • Database communication interfaces
38
Q

Allows for the manipulation of data in a
tabular format

A

Spreadsheet

39
Q

Disadvantages of a Database

A
  • Increased costs
  • Management complexity
  • Maintaining currency
  • Vendor dependence
  • Frequent upgrade/replacement cycles

Information Management - CC4154 (3 decks)

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