Chapter 1. Database Systems

Question 1

Raw facts; Have yet to be processed

Answer 1

Data

Question 2

Processed raw data; Something that is useful to the user

Answer 2

Information

Question 3

The body of information; Facts about a specific subject

Answer 3

Knowledge

Question 4

Store and manage data that is vast and
varied

Answer 4

Database

Question 5

A shared, integrated computer structure that houses a collection of related data

Answer 5

Database

Question 6

A database contains two types of data:

Answer 6

1. End-user data (raw data)
2. Metadata

Question 7

Data about data; which are characteristics and relationships

Answer 7

Metadata

Question 8

A collection of programs that manages the database structure and controls access to the data stored in the database

Answer 8

Database Management System (DBMS)

Question 9

A database resembles a very well-organized electronic filing cabinet in which powerful software (the ____) helps manage the cabinet’s contents.

Answer 9

Database Management System (DBMS)

Question 10

Advantage of a Database management System

Answer 10

• Improved data sharing
• Improved data security
• Better data integration
• Minimized data inconsistency
• Improved data access
• Improved decision making
• Increased end-user productivity

Question 11

Types of Databases

Answer 11

1. Single-User Database
2. Desktop Database

Question 12

A database that supports only one user at a time

Answer 12

Single-User Database

Question 13

A single-user database that runs on a personal computer

Answer 13

Desktop Database

Question 14

A database that supports multiple concurrent users

Answer 14

Multiuser Database

Question 15

A multiuser database that usually supports fewer than 50 users or is used for a specific department in an organization

Answer 15

Workgroup Database

Question 16

The overall company data representation, which provides support for present and expected future needs

Answer 16

Enterprise Database

Question 17

A database located at a single site

Answer 17

Centralized Database

Question 18

A logically related database that is stored in two or more physically independent sites.

Answer 18

Distributed Database

Question 19

A database that is created and maintained using cloud services, such as Microsoft Azure or Amazon AWS.

Answer 19

Cloud Database

Question 20

A database that contains a wide variety of data used in multiple disciplines.

Answer 20

General-purpose Database

Question 21

A database that contains data focused on specific subject areas.

Answer 21

Discipline-specific Database

Question 22

A database designed primarily to support a company’s day-to-day operations.

Answer 22

Operational Database

Question 23

Also known as a transactional database, OLTP database, or production database.

Answer 23

Operational Database

Question 24

A database focused primarily on storing historical data and business metrics used for tactical or strategic decision making.

Answer 24

Analytical Database

Question 25

Types of Data

Answer 25

1. Unstructured Data 2. Structured Data

Question 26

Data that exists in its original, raw state; that is, in the format in which it was collected.

Answer 26

Unstructured Data

Question 27

Data that has been formatted to facilitate storage, use, and information generation.

Answer 27

Structured Data

Question 28

It refers to the activities that focus on the design of the database structure that will be used to store and manage end-user data.

Answer 28

Database Resign

Question 29

A database that meets all user requirements does not just happen; its structure must be designed carefully

Answer 29

Database Resign

Question 30

It exists when the same data is stored unnecessarily at different places.

Answer 30

Database Redundancy

Question 31

Types of Data Redundancies

Answer 31

- Poor data security - Data inconsistency - Data-entry errors - Data integrity problems

Question 32

Types of Data Anomalies

Answer 32

- Update Anomaly - Insertion Anomaly - Deletion Anomaly

Question 33

Occur when the same data is repeated in multiple rows, and changes are made in some but not all instances.

Answer 33

Update Anomaly

Question 34

Occur when certain attributes cannot be inserted into the database due to missing additional data.

Answer 34

Insertion Anomaly

Question 35

Occurs when you delete a record that may contain attributes that shouldn't be deleted.

Answer 35

Deletion Anomaly

Question 36

Five components of a Database System

Answer 36

- Hardware - Software - People - Procedure - Data

Question 37

DBMS Functions

Answer 37

- Data dictionary management - Data storage management - Data transformation and presentation - Security management - Multiuser access control - Backup and recovery management - Data integrity management - Database access languages and application programming interfaces - Database communication interfaces

Question 38

Allows for the manipulation of data in a tabular format

Answer 38

Spreadsheet

Question 39

Disadvantages of a Database

Answer 39

- Increased costs - Management complexity - Maintaining currency - Vendor dependence - Frequent upgrade/replacement cycles