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Chemistry > Chapter 1 - Chemistry > Flashcards

Chapter 1 - Chemistry Flashcards

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1
Q

What charge are protons?

A

Positive

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2
Q

What charge are neutrons?

A

Neutral

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3
Q

What charge are electrons?

A

Negative

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4
Q

What charge are atoms?

A

Neutral

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5
Q

What is an isotope?

A

An atom with the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons

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6
Q

What are compounds?

A

Compounds are substances that contain atoms of different elements

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7
Q

What is the meaning of a mixture?

A

A mixture is made up of two or more substances (elements or compounds) that are not Chemically combined together.

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8
Q

How can mixtures be separated?

A

Mixtures can be separated through physical means such as filtration, distillation and crystallisation

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9
Q

What is an ion?

A

An ion is a charged atom (or group of atoms)

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10
Q

What is an element?

A

A substance made up of atoms that all have the same number of protons in their nucleus

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11
Q

Give two methods that can be used to separate mixtures

A

Filtration

Crystallisation

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12
Q

What does filtration do?

A

Filtration separates insoluble solids from liquids

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13
Q

What did scientists used to think about the shape of the atom?

A

That they were solid spheres

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14
Q

Which scientist changed the nuclear model of the atom?

A

Niels Bohr

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15
Q

When are atoms stable?

A

When they have a full outer shell.

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16
Q

How was the periodic table arranged in the early 1800s?

A

They were arranged by atomic mass.

17
Q

How did Mandeleev arrange the periodic table?

A

Arranged them mainly by atomic mass, also left gaps for elements to be discovered.

18
Q

State two changes that Mandeleev made to the periodic table

A

Sorted elements mainly by their atomic mass

Left gaps in the table

19
Q

Where are metals and non-metals found in the periodic table?

A

Metals are found on the left, non-metals found on the right

20
Q

What are most elements made out of?

A

Metals

21
Q

What can metals form when they react?

A

Positive ions

22
Q

What are group 1 metals known as?

A

Alkali metals

23
Q

How many electrons do group 1 metals have in their outer shell?

A

One electron

24
Q

What do alkali metals form with non-metals?

A

Ionic compounds

25
Q

What are group 7 elements known as?

A

Halogens

26
Q

What can group 7 elements form with non-metals?

A

Molecular compounds

27
Q

What do group 7 metals form with metals?

A

Ionic bonds

28
Q

Describe the “plum pudding” model of the atom

A

It showed the atom as a ball of positive charge with electrons scattered in this ball

Chemistry (11 decks)

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