Chapter 1 - Cell structure and transport Flashcards
How do you calculate the magnification used?
Times the magnification on the eye piece by the magnification on the lens
What does a plant cell have that an animal cell doesn’t?
Cell wall, chloroplast
What organelles does an animal cell contain?
Cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, mitochondria, ribosomes, vacuole
Prokaryotic cells
Has no nucleus, eg. barcteria
Eukaryotic cells
Has a nucleus, everything apart from bacteria
What organelles does a plant cell contain?
Cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, mitochondria, ribosomes, vacuole, chloroplast, cell wall
What does a cell membrane do?
Controls what goes in and out of the cell
What does a nucleus do?
Controls the whole cell
What does cytoplasm do?
Contains the organelles and this is where the chemical reactions happen
What does mitochondria do?
Releases energy through respiration
What do ribosomes do?
Makes protein
What does a vacuole do?
Keeps the shape of the cell
What does chloroplast do?
Carries out photosynthesis
What does the cell wall do?
Gives the cell strength
What is cell differentiation?
When a stem cell is given a specific function
What’s a stem cell?
A cell that does not yet have a function of its own
What is mitosis?
When a cell splits to create two identical copies of the original cell
What’s osmosis?
The movement of water from a less concentrated solution to a more concentrated solution through a partially permeable membrane
What is going down the concentration gradient?
High to low concentration
What is going against the concentration gradient?
Low to high concentration
Does diffusion go against or down the concentration gradient?
Down
Diffusion is…
The movement of particles (molecules or ions) going down a concentration gradient
