Chapter 1-Biophysical Principles Flashcards

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1
Q

London dispersion (van der Waals)

A
  • motion of electrons at any instantaneous moment is synchronised so that each atom has a distorted electron distribution giving a momentary dipole moment
  • dipoles directed to give attractive force between particles
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2
Q

Clathrate cage structure

A

A cage of associated water molecules surround a hydrocarbon dissolved in water—> contributes to lowering of water entropy
- hence requires hydrocarbons to self-associate so less water molecules r involved in clathrate formation

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3
Q

List aggregates formed with decreasing water content

A

Micelle, hexagonal cylindrical, lamellar

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4
Q

Why do phospholipids prefer to form lamellar liquid crystalline aggregates?

A

More rod-like (cylindrical) in shape and prefer to form lamellar structures

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5
Q

Why do most amphipathic molecules prefer to form micelles in water? (At low molecule concentration)

A

More cone-like in shape, easily pack to form spheres for steric reasons

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6
Q

What interactions stabilise proteins?

A
  1. Tendency to maximise H bonding with secondary structure
  2. Hydrophobic effect
  3. Existence of sulphur bridges and salt bridges
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7
Q

Describe 2ndary structure in proteins

A
  • maximise formation of h bonded secondary structure elements by forming alpha helices and beta sheets
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8
Q

Describe hydrophobic effect in proteins

A
  • drives non-polar side chains to be buries inside globular protein, stabilised by van der Waals forces between them
  • drives polar side chains to be exposed to exterior aqueous solvent stabilised by ion-dipole or dipole-dipole interactions
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9
Q

Dipole moment formula

A

u=qx

q is charge, x is distance between the charges

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