Chapter 1-Basics Of Chemistry Flashcards
Chemistry
Study of the composition of matter and the changes that it undergoes
Matter
Anything that has mass and volume
Macroscopic
Refers to substances and objects that can be seen, touched, and/or measured directly
Microscopic
Refers to small particles that make up matter
Pure chemistry
Concerned with a greater understanding of theories behind his matter is changing in chemical reactions
Applied Chemistry
Directed toward a specific goal or application
Physical chemistry
Study or both macro- and microscopic properties and phenomena in chemical systems
Organic Chemistry
Study of carbon-containing chemicals
Inorganic Chemistry
Study of chemicals that don’t in general contain carbon
Analytical chemistry
Study of composition of matter with a focus on separating, identifying, and quantifying chemical samples
Biochemistry
Study of chemical, processes in living things
Pure substance
Matter that has a uniform and definite composition
Physical property
A characteristic of a substance that can be observed or measured without changing the identity of the substance (color, hardness, malleability, solubility, electrical conductivity, density, melting or boiling point, magnetism, etc.)
Extensive property
A property depending on the amount of matter in a sample (mass, density, volume, etc.)
Mass
Measure of the amount of matter that an object contains
Volume
Measure of the space an object takes up
Intensive property
Property depending on the type of matter in a sample, not the amount (electrical conductivity, color, temperature, density, solubility, etc.)
Solid
Form of matter that has a definite shape and volume
Liquid
Form of matter that has a definite volume, but indefinite shape
Gas
Form of matter that has indefinite shape and volume
Vapor
The gaseous state of a substance that is a solid or liquid at room temperature
Physical change
Change to a sample of matter in which some properties of the material change, but the identity of the matter doesn’t
Chemical property
Describes the ability of a substance to undergo a specific chemical change
Words used in a chemical change
Burn, rot, explode, decompose, ferment, rust, etc.
Chemical reaction
Process that occurs when one or more substances are changed into one or more new substances
Reactant
Substance that is present at the start of a chemical reaction
Product
Substance that’s present at the end of a chemical reaction
Visual clues that a chemical reaction is taking place
Change of color, gas produced, solid product (precipitate) is produced (could be cloudiness), visible transfer of energy occurs in the form of light
Precipitate
Solid product that forms from a reaction and settles out of a liquid mixture
